TY - JOUR T1 - Anakinra for the Treatment of Antisynthetase Syndrome: A Monocentric Case Series and a Systematic Literature Review JF - The Journal of Rheumatology JO - J Rheumatol SP - 151 LP - 153 DO - 10.3899/jrheum.220213 VL - 50 IS - 1 AU - Corrado Campochiaro AU - Nicola Farina AU - Giacomo De Luca AU - Giorgia Trignani AU - Alessandro Tomelleri AU - Marco Matucci-Cerinic AU - Lorenzo Dagna Y1 - 2023/01/01 UR - http://www.jrheum.org/content/50/1/151.abstract N2 - To the Editor:Antisynthetase syndrome (AS) is a rare autoimmune disorder whose treatment remains a challenge.1 In refractory cases, treatment escalation from glucocorticoids (GCs) and immunosuppressants to rituximab (RTX) is recommended.1 However, this biologic agent is associated with worse outcomes in regard to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.2 Further, this therapy may not effectively induce remission in some patients with AS.3 Hence, alternative drugs for patients with refractory AS are necessary. Interleukin (IL)-1 blockade with anakinra might represent a suitable option due to its potent antiinflammatory properties and favorable safety profile.4To evaluate the therapeutic potential of IL-1 inhibition in AS, clinical data of patients with AS referred to our center were revised. AS was diagnosed in the presence of 1 aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase (detected with an ELISA), along with at least 2 of the following manifestations: arthritis, interstitial lung disease, mechanic’s hands, myocarditis, myositis, and Raynaud phenomenon. Three patients who had been started on anakinra were identified. Written informed consent was collected, and the study was approved by the San Raffaele Ethics Committee (approval no. DSAN854-A-OS/1). Patient features are … ER -