RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Association Between Depression and Vascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
JF The Journal of Rheumatology
JO J Rheumatol
FD The Journal of Rheumatology
SP jrheum.110327
DO 10.3899/jrheum.110327
A1 Greco, Carol M.
A1 Li, Tracy
A1 Sattar, Abdus
A1 Kao, Amy H.
A1 Danchenko, Natalya
A1 Edmundowicz, Daniel
A1 Sutton-Tyrrell, Kim
A1 Tracy, Russell P.
A1 Kuller, Lewis H.
A1 Manzi, Susan
YR 2011
UL http://www.jrheum.org/content/early/2011/12/14/jrheum.110327.abstract
AB Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression. Although depression may contribute to CVD risk in population-based studies, its influence on cardiovascular morbidity in SLE has not been evaluated. We evaluated the association between depression and vascular disease in SLE. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2002-2005 in 161 women with SLE and without CVD. The primary outcome measure was a composite vascular disease marker consisting of the presence of coronary artery calcium and/or carotid artery plaque. Results In total, 101 women met criteria for vascular disease. In unadjusted analyses, several traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers, adiposity, SLE disease-related factors, and depression were associated with vascular disease. In the final multivariable model, the psychological variable depression was associated with nearly 4-fold higher odds for vascular disease (OR 3.85, 95% CI 1.37, 10.87) when adjusted for other risk factors of age, lower education level, hypertensive status, waist-hip ratio, and C-reactive protein. Conclusion In SLE, depression is independently associated with vascular disease, along with physical factors.