PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Greco, Carol M. AU - Li, Tracy AU - Sattar, Abdus AU - Kao, Amy H. AU - Danchenko, Natalya AU - Edmundowicz, Daniel AU - Sutton-Tyrrell, Kim AU - Tracy, Russell P. AU - Kuller, Lewis H. AU - Manzi, Susan TI - Association Between Depression and Vascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus AID - 10.3899/jrheum.110327 DP - 2011 Dec 15 TA - The Journal of Rheumatology PG - jrheum.110327 4099 - http://www.jrheum.org/content/early/2011/12/14/jrheum.110327.short 4100 - http://www.jrheum.org/content/early/2011/12/14/jrheum.110327.full AB - Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression. Although depression may contribute to CVD risk in population-based studies, its influence on cardiovascular morbidity in SLE has not been evaluated. We evaluated the association between depression and vascular disease in SLE. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2002-2005 in 161 women with SLE and without CVD. The primary outcome measure was a composite vascular disease marker consisting of the presence of coronary artery calcium and/or carotid artery plaque. Results In total, 101 women met criteria for vascular disease. In unadjusted analyses, several traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers, adiposity, SLE disease-related factors, and depression were associated with vascular disease. In the final multivariable model, the psychological variable depression was associated with nearly 4-fold higher odds for vascular disease (OR 3.85, 95% CI 1.37, 10.87) when adjusted for other risk factors of age, lower education level, hypertensive status, waist-hip ratio, and C-reactive protein. Conclusion In SLE, depression is independently associated with vascular disease, along with physical factors.