<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lubrano, Ennio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massimo Perrotta, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manara, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D’Angelo, Salvatore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Addimanda, Olga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramonda, Roberta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punzi, Leonardo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivieri, Ignazio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvarani, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marchesoni, Antonio</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predictors of Loss of Remission and Disease Flares in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis Receiving Antitumor Necrosis Factor Treatment: A Retrospective Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of Rheumatology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016-08-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1541-1546</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.3899/jrheum.160363</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate rate and predictive factors of loss of remission and disease flare in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) receiving antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment.Methods. In this retrospective multicenter study, patients with axSpA, according to the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria, treated with adalimumab, etanercept, or infliximab with a minimum followup of 12 months and satisfying the ASAS partial remission criteria and/or Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) inactive disease were studied. Disease flare was defined as a Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score &gt; 4.5 or ASDAS score &gt; 2.5 on at least 1 occasion.Results. One hundred seventy-four patients with axSpA were studied. After a median [interquartile range (IQR)] followup of 4 years (2–6), 37 patients (21.2%) experienced a loss of remission and 28 (16.1% of the whole study group) a disease flare. Median (IQR) duration of remission in patients who lost this status was 1 year (0.625–2). Higher median erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values, continuous nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use, and an ASDAS-CRP ≥ 0.8 during the remission period were significantly associated with both loss of remission and disease flare. At the multivariate analysis, continuous NSAID intake (OR 4.05, 95% CI 1.4–11.74, p = 0.010) and ESR &gt; 15 (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.23–6.82, p = 0.015) were the only factors predictive of disease reactivation.Conclusion. In this study, loss of remission and disease flares occurred, respectively, in about 21% and 16% of the patients with axSpA who achieved a state of remission while receiving anti-TNF therapy. Residual disease activity was associated with disease reactivation.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>