RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Synovial macrophages as a biomarker of response to therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis: standardization and consistency across centers. JF The Journal of Rheumatology JO J Rheumatol FD The Journal of Rheumatology SP 620 OP 622 VO 34 IS 3 A1 Barry Bresnihan A1 Danielle M Gerlag A1 Terence Rooney A1 Tom J M Smeets A1 Carla A Wijbrandts A1 David Boyle A1 Oliver Fitzgerald A1 Bruce W Kirkham A1 Iain B McInnes A1 Malcolm Smith A1 Ann-Kristin Ulfgren A1 Douglas J Veale A1 Paul P Tak YR 2007 UL http://www.jrheum.org/content/34/3/620.abstract AB Successive studies from one academic center (Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) have consistently suggested that synovial tissue expression of sublining macrophages may be a biomarker of clinical response to therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials. A proof-of-concept, randomized clinical trial was completed at a second academic center (St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland), and the relationship between the change in disease activity and the change in sublining macrophages in distinct treatment cohorts was determined. The preliminary findings were not conclusive, but appeared to support a role for sublining CD68+ macrophages as a biomarker of clinical response to therapeutic intervention in cohorts of patients with RA.