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(our control group and may have influenced the results of our)Tj
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[(study)64.8 (. )17.7 (T)69.9 (o clarify the true frequency of anti-tTg antibodies in)]TJ
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0.0862 Tw -14.2909 -1.2 Td
[(higher IgA)-226.4 (ASCA)-281.4 (in patients with )54.8 (AS and undif)17.7 (ferentiated)]TJ
0.1256 Tw T*
[(SpA)-320.8 (as compared to RA, PsA, or healthy subjects. In our)]TJ
0.1404 Tw T*
[(study)64.8 (, in contrast, )54.8 (ASCA)-335.6 (IgA)-335.6 (or IgG levels are similar in)]TJ
0.3479 Tw T*
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0.09509 Tw T*
[(controls. )17.7 (The assays used to measure )54.8 (ASCA, however)39.7 (, are)]TJ
0.23849 Tw T*
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0.11121 Tw T*
[(methods, both commercially available, perform dif)17.7 (ferently)]TJ
0.0988 Tw T*
[(in dif)17.7 (ferent disease groups. )54.8 (Although the patients included)]TJ
0.1738 Tw T*
(in the 2 studies fulfilled the same diagnostic criteria, the)Tj
0.0874 Tw T*
[(dif)17.7 (ferent genetic background may influence their ability to)]TJ
0.2822 Tw T*
[(produce antibodies of a given specificity)64.8 (. However)39.7 (, the)]TJ
0.04089 Tw T*
[(predictive value of raised )54.9 (ASCA)-236.1 (levels in SpA)-236.1 (seems ques-)]TJ
0.1077 Tw T*
[(tionable. Indeed, in the patients studied by Hof)17.7 (fman, )]TJ
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22.1428 0 Td
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0.0081 Tw -22.1428 -1.2 Td
[(the authors point out that )54.9 (ASCA)-203.3 (levels are not related to gut)]TJ
0.14149 Tw T*
[(involvement and do not dif)17.7 (fer in patients with or without)]TJ
0.02499 Tw T*
(histologically proven bowel inflammation.)Tj
0.0255 Tw 1.2 -1.2 Td
(Our data fail to show an increased prevalence of autoan-)Tj
0.12601 Tw -1.2 -1.2 Td
(tibodies associated with celiac disease and CD in patients)Tj
0.1572 Tw T*
[(with )54.9 (AS and PsA. )17.7 (The relation between gut and articular)]TJ
0.2114 Tw T*
(inflammation in the spondyloarthropathies is a matter of)Tj
0.2397 Tw T*
(intense research, in particular since animal models have)Tj
0.132 Tw T*
(confirmed the strong link between synovitis and gastroin-)Tj
0.1105 Tw T*
[(testinal involvement. Further studies on lar)17.7 (ger populations)]TJ
0.09171 Tw T*
(of various ethnic backgrounds are necessary to draw more)Tj
0.02499 Tw T*
(definitive conclusions.)Tj
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(REFERENCES)Tj
/T1_2 1 Tf
0.02499 Tw 8 0 0 8 61 295.1616 Tm
[(1.)-875.1 (Granfors K, Jalkanen S, von Essen R, et al. )36.8 (Y)99.8 (ersinia antigens in)]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
(synovial fluid cells from patients with reactive arthritis. N Engl J)Tj
0 Tc 0 -1.25 TD
(Med 1989;320:216-21.)Tj
-0.00011 Tc -1.675 -1.25 Td
[(2.)-875.1 (Granfors K, Jalkanen S, Lindber)17.7 (g )54.8 (A, et al. Salmonella )]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
(lipopolysaccharide in synovial cells from patients with reactive)Tj
T*
(arthritis. Lancet 1990;335:6985-8.)Tj
-1.675 -1.25 Td
[(3.)-875.1 (Mielants H, )17.7 (V)110.8 (eys EM, Goemaere S, Goethals K, Cuvelier C, De)]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
[(V)128.9 (os M. Gut inflammation in the spondyloarthropathies: clinical,)]TJ
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(radiologic, biologic and genetic features in relation to the type of)Tj
T*
[(histology)64.8 (. )54.8 (A)-220.1 (prospective study)64.9 (. J Rheumatol 1991;18:1542-51.)]TJ
-1.675 -1.25 Td
[(4.)-875.1 (Simenon G, )17.7 (V)110.8 (an Gossum )54.8 (A, )54.8 (Adler M, Rickaert F)79.7 (,)-0.1 ( )54.8 (Appelboom )17.7 (T)74 (.)]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
(Macroscopic and microscopic gut lesions in seronegative )Tj
T*
(spondyloarthropathies. J Rheumatol 1990;17:1491-4.)Tj
-1.675 -1.25 Td
[(5.)-875.1 (Scarpa R, Manguso F)79.7 (, D\325Arienzo )54.8 (A, et al. Microscopic )]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
(inflammatory changes in colon of patients with both active )Tj
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(psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis without bowel symptoms. )Tj
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(J Rheumatol 2000;27:1241-6.)Tj
-1.675 -1.25 Td
[(6.)-875.1 (Greenstein )54.8 (AJ, Janowitz HD, Sachar DB. )17.7 (The extraintestinal)]TJ
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[(complications of Crohn\325)54.8 (s disease and ulcerative colitis: a study of)]TJ
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(700 patients. Medicine 1976;55:401-12.)Tj
-1.675 -1.25 Td
[(7.)-875.1 (Binder HJ. Is antibody testing for inflammatory bowel disease )]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
[(clinically useful? Gastroenterology 1999;1)36.8 (16:1001-8.)]TJ
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[(8.)-875.1 (Fleming JL, )17.7 (W)39.9 (iesner RH, Shorter RG. )17.7 (Whipple\325)54.8 (s disease: clinical,)]TJ
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(biochemical and histopathologic features and assessment of )Tj
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(treatment in 29 patients. Mayo Clin Proc 1988;63:539-51.)Tj
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[(9.)-875.1 (V)110.8 (eys EM, Mielants H. Enteropathic arthropathies. In: Klippel J,)]TJ
1.675 -1.25 Td
[(Dieppe P)91.7 (A, editors. Rheumatology)64.8 (. 2nd ed. London: Mosby)]TJ
T*
(International; 1998:6:24.1-8.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(10.)-875.1 (Khan MA, van der Linden SM. )54.8 (Ankylosing spondylitis and )]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
[(associated diseases. Rheum Dis Clin North )54.8 (Am 1990;16:551-79.)]TJ
-2.1381 -1.25 Td
[(1)36.8 (1)-0.1 (.)-875.1 (Bourne JT)73.9 (, Kumar P)110.7 (, Huskisson EC, Megeed R, Unsworth DJ,)]TJ
2.1381 -1.25 Td
[(W)79.9 (ojtulewski JA. )54.8 (Arthritis and coeliac disease. )54.8 (Ann Rheum Dis)]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw T*
(1985;44:592-8.)Tj
-0.00011 Tc 0.02499 Tw -2.175 -1.25 Td
[(12.)-875.1 (Usai P)110.7 (,)-0.1 ( Boi MF)79.7 (, Piga M, et al. )54.8 (Adult celiac disease is frequently)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(associated with sacroiliitis. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40:1906-8.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(13.)-875.1 (Kallikorm R, Uibo O, Uibo R. Coeliac disease in spondy-)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(loarthropathy: usefulness of serological screening. Clin Rheumatol)Tj
0 Tc 0 Tw T*
[(2000;19:1)36.9 (18-22.)]TJ
-0.00011 Tc 0.02499 Tw -2.175 -1.25 Td
[(14.)-875.1 (Hovdenak N, Hovlid E, )54.8 (Aksnes L, Fluge G, Erichsen MM, Eide J.)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(High prevalence of asymptomatic coeliac disease in Norway: a)Tj
T*
[(study of blood donors. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;1)36.7 (1:185-7.)]TJ
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(15.)-875.1 (Sulkanen S, Halttunen )17.7 (T)74 (, Laurila K, et al. )17.7 (T)35 (issue transglutaminase)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(autoantibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in detecting)Tj
T*
[(celiac disease. Gastroenterology 1998;1)36.8 (15:1322-8.)]TJ
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(16.)-875.1 (Lock RJ, Pitcher MC, Unsworth DJ. IgA)-220.2 (anti-tissue )]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(transglutaminase as a diagnostic marker of gluten sensitive)Tj
T*
[(enteropathy)64.9 (. J Clin Pathol 1999;52:274-7.)]TJ
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(17.)-875.1 (Goie )17.7 (The HS, Steven MM, van der Linden SM, Cats )54.8 (A. Evaluation)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison of)Tj
T*
[(the Rome, New )36.8 (Y)99.8 (ork and modified New )36.8 (Y)99.8 (ork criteria in patients)]TJ
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(with a positive clinical history screening test for ankylosing)Tj
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(spondylitis. Br J Rheumatol 1985;24:242-9.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(18.)-875.1 (V)110.8 (asey FB, Espinoza LR. Psoriatic arthropathy)64.8 (. In: Calin )54.8 (A, editor)54.8 (.)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(Spondylarthropathies. Orlando: Grune & Stratton, Inc.; )Tj
0 Tc 0 Tw T*
(1984:151-85.)Tj
-0.00011 Tc 0.02499 Tw -2.175 -1.25 Td
[(19.)-875.1 (Dieterich )17.7 (W)91.8 (, Ehnis )17.7 (T)74 (, Bauer M, et al. Identification of tissue )]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(transglutaminase as the autoantigen of celiac disease.)Tj
-0.05 -1.25 Td
(Nat Med 1997;3:797-801. )Tj
-2.125 -1.25 Td
[(20.)-875.1 (Koop I, Ilchmann R, Izzi L, )54.8 (Adragna )54.8 (A, Koop H, Barthelmes H.)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(Detection of autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase in)Tj
T*
[(patients with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. )54.8 (Am )]TJ
T*
(J Gastroenterol 2000;95:2009-14.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(21.)-875.1 (V)128.9 (olta U, Ravaglia G, Granito )54.8 (A, et al. Coeliac disease in patients)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(with autoimmune thyroiditis. Digestion 2001;64:61-5.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(22.)-875.1 (Lindqvist U, Rudsander )54.8 (A, Bostrom )54.8 (A, Nilsson B, Michaelsson G.)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
[(IgA)-220.2 (antibodies to gliadin and coeliac disease in psoriatic arthritis.)]TJ
T*
(Rheumatology 2002;41:31-7.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(23.)-875.1 (Damoiseaux JG, Bouten B, Linders )54.8 (AM, et al. Diagnostic value of)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae and antineutrophil cytoplasmic )Tj
T*
(antibodies for inflammatory bowel disease: high prevalence in)Tj
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(patients with celiac disease. J Clin Immunol 2002;22:281-8.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(24.)-875.1 (Muratori P)110.7 (, Muratori L, Guidi M, et al. )54.8 (Anti-Saccharomyces )]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(cerevisiae antibodies \(ASCA\) and autoimmune liver diseases. Clin)Tj
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(Exp Immunol 2003;132:473-6.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(25.)-875.1 (T)35 (revisiol C, Not )17.7 (T)74 (, Berti I, et al. Screening for coeliac disease in)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(healthy blood donors at two immuno-transfusion centres in )Tj
T*
[(north-east Italy)64.8 (. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;31:584-6.)]TJ
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(26.)-875.1 (Clemente MG, Musu MP)110.7 (, Frau F)79.7 (, Cicotto L, De )17.7 (V)59.8 (i)0.3 (r)17.7 (giliis S.)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
(Antitissue transglutaminase antibodies outside celiac disease.)Tj
T*
(J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002;34:31-4.)Tj
-2.175 -1.25 Td
[(27.)-875.1 (Hof)17.7 (fman IEA, Demetter P)110.7 (, Peeters M, et al. )54.8 (Anti-Saccharomyces)]TJ
2.175 -1.25 Td
[(cerevisiae IgA)-220.2 (antibodies are raised in ankylosing spondylitis and)]TJ
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[(undif)17.7 (ferentiated spondyloarthropathy)64.9 (. )54.8 (Ann Rheum Dis)]TJ
0 Tc 0 Tw T*
(2003;62:455-9.)Tj
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