The Positive Predictive Value of a Very High Serum IgG4 Concentration for the Diagnosis of IgG4-Related Disease

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.

MCB received support for this work from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R25A147369). ZSW received support for this work from the NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS; K23AR073334 and R03AR078938). CAP was supported by the NIH/ NIAMS(K08AR079615). M.C. Baker, MD, MS, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. C. Cook, MPH, X. Fu, MS, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. C.A. Perugino, DO, J.H. Stone, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Z.S. Wallace, MD, MSc, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Mongan Institute, and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. MCB reports research support from Principia/Sanofi, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and BeiGene, and consulting fees from Horizon Therapeutics and Zenas Biopharma. CAP reports research support from BMS, and consulting fees from BMS, Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, and MedPace. ZSW reports research support from BMS and Principia/Sanofi, and consulting fees from Viela Bio/Horizon Therapeutics, Zenas Biopharma, Sanofi, and MedPace. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Address correspondence to Dr. M.C. Baker, 300 Pasteur Drive, East Pavilion, Floor 3, Mail Code: 5755, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Email: mbake13@stanford.edu. Accepted for publication October 18, 2022.