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Research ArticleAccepted Articles
Open Access

Work-related Issues, Physical and Psychological Burden in Canadian Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients. Results From the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis

Robert D. Inman, Marco Garrido-Cumbrera, Jonathan Chan, Martin Cohen, Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes, Wendy Gerhart, Nigil Haroon, Algis V. Jovaisas, Gerald Major, Michael G. Mallinson, Sherry Rohekar, Patrick Leclerc and Proton Rahman
The Journal of Rheumatology December 2022, jrheum.220596; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.220596
Robert D. Inman
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Marco Garrido-Cumbrera
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Jonathan Chan
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Martin Cohen
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Wendy Gerhart
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Nigil Haroon
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Algis V. Jovaisas
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Gerald Major
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Michael G. Mallinson
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Sherry Rohekar
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Patrick Leclerc
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Proton Rahman
Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Scientific Advisor, Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF), London, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia; Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; West Island Rheumatology Research Associates, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Canadian Spondylitis Association, Phelpston, Ontario, Canada; Spondylitis Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network; Associate Professor, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Novartis Canada, Montréal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.Support: This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG. Conflicts of interest: Robert D. Inman received consulting fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Sandoz, and UCB. Marco Garrido-Cumbrera has a research collaboration with and provides services to Novartis Pharma AG. Jonathan Chan received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Viatris, and UCB. Martin Cohen received honoraria/consulting fees and/or participated in advisory board/speakers bureau events for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, and UCB. Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes has no conflicts of interest. Wendy Gerhart received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Nigil Haroon has no conflicts of interest. Algis V. Jovaisas received honoraria and participated in advisory boards for Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Sanofi. Gerald Major has no conflicts of interest. Michael G. Mallinson received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Sherry Rohekar received honoraria and/or participated in advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, and UCB. Patrick Leclerc is an employee of Novartis Canada. Proton Rahman received consulting fees from Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, and has also received research grants from Janssen and Novartis. Address correspondence to Professor Marco Garrido-Cumbrera PhD, Health & Territory Research (HTR), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Internacional, Avenida de la Ciudad Jardín, 20-22, 41005 Seville, Spain. E-mail: mcumbrera@us.es
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Abstract

Objective To identify factors associated with work-related issues in Canadian patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).

Methods Data from 542 Canadian patients who participated in the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS) online survey were analysed. Participants who were employed, unemployed, or on short-term disability were included in this analysis. Regression analysis was used to study the association between work-related issues, disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI]), and psychological distress (12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12]).

Results Mean ± SD age of surveyed participants was 44.3 ± 13.9 years, 81.0% were university educated, and 52.6% employed. A substantial proportion had high disease activity (BASDAI, 72.1%) and psychological distress (GHQ-12, 53.1%); 81.1% had workrelated issues. This study analysed responses from a subset of participants who were either employed, unemployed, or on short-term disability (n=339). Ninety percent of this subset reported at least one work-related issue in the year before questionnaire completion, with the most frequent being absenteeism (49.3%) and missing work for healthcare provider visits (42.5%). Factoring in disability benefits eliminated the association between work-related issues and disease activity, for all variables except fatigue (r=0.217; p=0.028) and discomfort (r=0.196; p=0.047). Difficulty fulfilling working hours (B=2.342; 95% CI, 1.413 to 3.272) and impact on professional advancement (B=1.426; 95% CI, 0.355 to 2.497) were associated with psychological distress. In the presence of disability benefits, only the impact on professional advancement remained (B=2.304; 95% CI, 0.082 to 4.527).

Conclusion Work-related issues are associated with worse patient-reported outcomes, both physical and psychological.

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The Journal of Rheumatology
Vol. 50, Issue 1
1 Jan 2023
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Work-related Issues, Physical and Psychological Burden in Canadian Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients. Results From the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis
Robert D. Inman, Marco Garrido-Cumbrera, Jonathan Chan, Martin Cohen, Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes, Wendy Gerhart, Nigil Haroon, Algis V. Jovaisas, Gerald Major, Michael G. Mallinson, Sherry Rohekar, Patrick Leclerc, Proton Rahman
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2022, jrheum.220596; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220596

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Accepted manuscript
Work-related Issues, Physical and Psychological Burden in Canadian Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients. Results From the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis
Robert D. Inman, Marco Garrido-Cumbrera, Jonathan Chan, Martin Cohen, Artur J. de Brum-Fernandes, Wendy Gerhart, Nigil Haroon, Algis V. Jovaisas, Gerald Major, Michael G. Mallinson, Sherry Rohekar, Patrick Leclerc, Proton Rahman
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2022, jrheum.220596; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220596
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