Research ArticleArticle
Open Access
Management of Enthesitis in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: An Updated Literature Review Informing the 2021 GRAPPA Treatment Recommendations
Lihi Eder, Ashish J. Mathew, Philippe Carron, Heidi Bertheussen, Juan D. Cañete, May Azem, Andrea Delle Sedie, Carlo Salvarani, Roberto Ranza, Ashley Elliott, Anthony Turkiewicz, Ricardo Acayaba de Toledo, Hulya Bukulmez, Maria S. Stoenoiu, Arthur M. Mandelin II, Michaela Koehm, Chris Lindsay, Evan Siegel and Philip J. Mease
The Journal of Rheumatology November 2022, jrheum.220312; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.220312
Lihi Eder
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Ashish J. Mathew
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Philippe Carron
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Heidi Bertheussen
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Juan D. Cañete
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
May Azem
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Andrea Delle Sedie
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Carlo Salvarani
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Roberto Ranza
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Ashley Elliott
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Anthony Turkiewicz
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Ricardo Acayaba de Toledo
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Hulya Bukulmez
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Maria S. Stoenoiu
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Arthur M. Mandelin II
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Michaela Koehm
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Chris Lindsay
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Evan Siegel
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Philip J. Mease
LE received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lily, UCB, and Sandoz. AJM received research grants from Ipca Laboratories and speaker fees from Novartis and Ipca Laboratories. PC received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Novartis, Eli Lily, Sandoz, and Galapagos. H. Bertheussen received consulting fees from Pfizer. CS received consulting fees, research or institutional support, and educational grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and MSD. RR has been a speaker and consultant for Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, and AbbVie. AE received honoraria for speaking from Novartis and Lilly. AT received research grants from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, and Janssen, and consulting/advising/speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, and AstraZeneca. RAT received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis, UCB, and GSK. MSS received educational and research grants and consulting fees from AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB. AMM is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Genzyme/Regeneron, and is a consultant for CVS Caremark. MK received educational and research grants and consulting fees from Janssen, Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Amgen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, UCB, and AbbVie. CL has stock in Amgen, and is employed by Aurinia Pharma US, Inc. ES has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. PJM has received research grants, consulting fees, and/or speaker fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BI, BMS, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun, and UCB. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. L. Eder, MD, PhD, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; A.J. Mathew, MBBS, DNB, DM, The Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; P. Carron, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; H. Bertheussen, Patient Research Partner, Oslo, Norway; J.D. Cañete, DMD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; M. Azem, MD, Solo Private Practice, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lake Hospital, University Hospital Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; A. Delle Sedie, MD, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; C. Salvarani, MD, Dipartimento Specialità Mediche, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia and Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; R. Ranza, MD, PhD, Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clinicas, EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; A. Elliott, MB Bch BAO, MSc, MRCP, Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK; A. Turkiewicz, MD, Rheumatology Associates, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; R.A. de Toledo, MD, MSc, Regional School of Medicine Foundation of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; H. Bukulmez, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; M.S. Stoenoiu, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; A.M. Mandelin II, MD, PhD, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; M. Koehm, MD, Rheumatology Division, University Hospital Frankfurt and Fraunhofer-Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany; C.A. Lindsay, PharmD, GRAPPA Patient Research Partner, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA; E. Siegel, MD, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Rockville, Maryland, and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; P.J. Mease MD, MACR, Rheumatology Research, Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. Address correspondence to Dr. L. Eder, Women's College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1B2. Email: Lihi.EDER@wchospital.ca. Accepted for publication August 5, 2022.
Abstract
Objective Enthesitis is a key pathological and clinical feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in children and adults. Enthesitis is typically assessed clinically using several validated enthesitis scoring systems that have been used in clinical trials. Enthesitis treatment response has been reported as change in the total enthesitis score or the proportion of patients who achieved complete resolution. The majority of trials in PsA did not require patients to have enthesitis at study entry since enthesitis was evaluated only as a secondary outcome. Despite the inherent limitations of the clinical assessment of enthesitis, imaging of the entheses using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging has rarely been used in clinical trials to assess response to treatment of enthesitis. This systematic review summarizes existing evidence regarding pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical interventions for enthesitis in patients with PsA to facilitate an evidence-based update of the Group for Research and Assessment in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) treatment recommendations for PsA.
Methods We performed a systematic literature review to identify 41 randomized clinical trials that reported enthesitis treatment response in patients with PsA. For each intervention, the response effect size was summarized and the quality of evidence was graded. Recommendations were then formulated for the various pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies.
Results We included 41 randomized clinical trials in our review and graded each intervention.
Conclusion Several classes of systemic conventional and advanced therapies and local measures were recommended for active enthesitis in patients with PsA.
In this issue
The Journal of Rheumatology
Vol. 50, Issue 1
1 Jan 2023
Management of Enthesitis in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: An Updated Literature Review Informing the 2021 GRAPPA Treatment Recommendations
Lihi Eder, Ashish J. Mathew, Philippe Carron, Heidi Bertheussen, Juan D. Cañete, May Azem, Andrea Delle Sedie, Carlo Salvarani, Roberto Ranza, Ashley Elliott, Anthony Turkiewicz, Ricardo Acayaba de Toledo, Hulya Bukulmez, Maria S. Stoenoiu, Arthur M. Mandelin, Michaela Koehm, Chris Lindsay, Evan Siegel, Philip J. Mease
The Journal of Rheumatology Nov 2022, jrheum.220312; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220312
Management of Enthesitis in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: An Updated Literature Review Informing the 2021 GRAPPA Treatment Recommendations
Lihi Eder, Ashish J. Mathew, Philippe Carron, Heidi Bertheussen, Juan D. Cañete, May Azem, Andrea Delle Sedie, Carlo Salvarani, Roberto Ranza, Ashley Elliott, Anthony Turkiewicz, Ricardo Acayaba de Toledo, Hulya Bukulmez, Maria S. Stoenoiu, Arthur M. Mandelin, Michaela Koehm, Chris Lindsay, Evan Siegel, Philip J. Mease
The Journal of Rheumatology Nov 2022, jrheum.220312; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220312
