Flare Rate Thresholds for Patient Assessment of Disease Activity States in Gout

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.

Funding for central study coordination and data analysis was provided by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, which had had no role in the study design or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publication of this article was not contingent upon approval by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals. W. Taylor, MBChB, PhD, FRACP, FAFRM, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; N. Dalbeth, MBChB, MD, FRACP, P. Tan, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; K.G. Saag, MD, MSc, E.J. Rahn, PhD, A.S. Mudano, MPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; J.A. Singh, MD, MPH, A.L. Gaffo, MD, MSPH, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Y.H. Chen, MD, PhD, C.T. Lin, MD, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; W. Louthreno, MD, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; J. Vazquez-Mellado, MD, PhD, H. Hernández-Llinas, MD, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; T. Neogi, MD, PhD, FRCPC, A.B. Vargas-Santos, MD, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; G. Castelar-Pinheiro, MD, PhD, R.B. Chaves-Amorim, MD, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; T. Uhlig, MD, H.B. Hammer, MD, PhD, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; M. Eliseev, PhD, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia; F. Perez-Ruiz, MD, PhD, Servicio de Reumatologia, Baracaldo, Spain; L. Cavagna, MD, University and IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; G.M. McCarthy, MD, FRCPI, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; L.K. Stamp, MBChB, FRACP, PhD, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand; M. Gerritsen, MD, PhD, Westfries Gasthuis, Hoorn, the Netherlands; V. Fana, MD, Copenhagen Center for Artritis Reserch, Righospitalet Glostrup, Denmark; 18F. Sivera, MD, PhD, Hospital General Universitario Elda, Elda, Spain. WT is a consultant for Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, and Roche. ND receives grant/research support from AstraZeneca and Amgen; and is a consultant for Takeda, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Horizon, and Kowa. KGS is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Horizon, Ironwood, SOBI, and Takeda. JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, Spherix, Practice Point Communications, the National Institutes of Health, and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR); owns stock options in Amarin pharmaceuticals and Viking therapeutics; is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies; serves on the FDA Arthritis Advisory Committee; is a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee; is the editor and the Director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; and previously served as a member of the following committees: member, the ACR Annual Meeting Planning Committee (AMPC) and Quality of Care Committees, the Chair of the ACR Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group Subcommittee, and the cochair of the ACR Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee. LKS receives speaker fees from Amgen. AG is a consultant for SOBI and receives grant/research support from Amgen. Address correspondence to Associate Professor A. Gaffo, Shelby Biomedical Research Building 306, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Email: agaffo@uabmc.edu. Accepted for publication April 21, 2020.