Opioid Use among Patients with Early Inflammatory Arthritides Compared to the General Population

From the Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki; Unit of Primary Health Care, Turku University Hospital; Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Turku; Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. This study was funded by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital, the Finnish Rheumatology Research Foundation, Tampereen Reumayhdistys, and by the Finnish Cultural Foundation. P. Muilu, MD, Medical Specialist in Internal Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; V. Rantalaiho, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University; H. Kautiainen, Biostatistician, Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre; L.J. Virta, MD, PhD, Docent, Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland; K. Puolakka, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology, Chief of Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, South Karelia Central Hospital. Address correspondence to Dr. P. Muilu, Teiskontie 35, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: paula.muilu@gmail.com, paula.muilu@pshp.fi. Accepted for publication September 24, 2019.

From the Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki; Unit of Primary Health Care, Turku University Hospital; Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Turku; Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. This study was funded by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital, the Finnish Rheumatology Research Foundation, Tampereen Reumayhdistys, and by the Finnish Cultural Foundation. P. Muilu, MD, Medical Specialist in Internal Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; V. Rantalaiho, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University; H. Kautiainen, Biostatistician, Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre; L.J. Virta, MD, PhD, Docent, Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland; K. Puolakka, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology, Chief of Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, South Karelia Central Hospital. Address correspondence to Dr. P. Muilu, Teiskontie 35, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: paula.muilu@gmail.com, paula.muilu@pshp.fi. Accepted for publication September 24, 2019.

From the Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki; Unit of Primary Health Care, Turku University Hospital; Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Turku; Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. This study was funded by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital, the Finnish Rheumatology Research Foundation, Tampereen Reumayhdistys, and by the Finnish Cultural Foundation. P. Muilu, MD, Medical Specialist in Internal Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; V. Rantalaiho, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University; H. Kautiainen, Biostatistician, Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre; L.J. Virta, MD, PhD, Docent, Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland; K. Puolakka, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology, Chief of Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, South Karelia Central Hospital. Address correspondence to Dr. P. Muilu, Teiskontie 35, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: paula.muilu@gmail.com, paula.muilu@pshp.fi. Accepted for publication September 24, 2019.

From the Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki; Unit of Primary Health Care, Turku University Hospital; Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Turku; Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. This study was funded by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital, the Finnish Rheumatology Research Foundation, Tampereen Reumayhdistys, and by the Finnish Cultural Foundation. P. Muilu, MD, Medical Specialist in Internal Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; V. Rantalaiho, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University; H. Kautiainen, Biostatistician, Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre; L.J. Virta, MD, PhD, Docent, Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland; K. Puolakka, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology, Chief of Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, South Karelia Central Hospital. Address correspondence to Dr. P. Muilu, Teiskontie 35, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: paula.muilu@gmail.com, paula.muilu@pshp.fi. Accepted for publication September 24, 2019.

From the Department of Medicine, Tampere University Hospital; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki; Unit of Primary Health Care, Turku University Hospital; Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Turku; Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. This study was funded by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere University Hospital, the Finnish Rheumatology Research Foundation, Tampereen Reumayhdistys, and by the Finnish Cultural Foundation. P. Muilu, MD, Medical Specialist in Internal Medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital; V. Rantalaiho, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology in the Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty on Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University; H. Kautiainen, Biostatistician, Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, and Folkhälsan Research Centre; L.J. Virta, MD, PhD, Docent, Research Department, Social Insurance Institution of Finland; K. Puolakka, MD, PhD, Docent, Specialist in Rheumatology, Chief of Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, South Karelia Central Hospital. Address correspondence to Dr. P. Muilu, Teiskontie 35, 33520 Tampere, Finland. E-mail: paula.muilu@gmail.com, paula.muilu@pshp.fi. Accepted for publication September 24, 2019.