Venous Thromboembolism in Systemic Sclerosis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Effect on Survival

From the Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Dr. Johnson is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Clinician Scientist Award, the Oscar and Eleanor Markovitz Fund for Scleroderma Research, and the Freda Fejer Fund of the Arthritis Research Foundation. Dr. Wijeysundera is supported in part by a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesia at the University of Toronto. S.R. Johnson, MD, PhD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; N. Hakami, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health; Z. Ahmad, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.N. Wijeysundera, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, and Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. S. Johnson, Division of Rheumatology, Ground Floor, East Wing, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada. E-mail: Sindhu.Johnson@uhn.ca. Accepted for publication December 14, 2017.

From the Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Dr. Johnson is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Clinician Scientist Award, the Oscar and Eleanor Markovitz Fund for Scleroderma Research, and the Freda Fejer Fund of the Arthritis Research Foundation. Dr. Wijeysundera is supported in part by a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesia at the University of Toronto. S.R. Johnson, MD, PhD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; N. Hakami, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health; Z. Ahmad, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.N. Wijeysundera, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, and Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. S. Johnson, Division of Rheumatology, Ground Floor, East Wing, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada. E-mail: Sindhu.Johnson@uhn.ca. Accepted for publication December 14, 2017.

From the Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Dr. Johnson is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Clinician Scientist Award, the Oscar and Eleanor Markovitz Fund for Scleroderma Research, and the Freda Fejer Fund of the Arthritis Research Foundation. Dr. Wijeysundera is supported in part by a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesia at the University of Toronto. S.R. Johnson, MD, PhD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; N. Hakami, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health; Z. Ahmad, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.N. Wijeysundera, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, and Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. S. Johnson, Division of Rheumatology, Ground Floor, East Wing, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada. E-mail: Sindhu.Johnson@uhn.ca. Accepted for publication December 14, 2017.

From the Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation; Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Dr. Johnson is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Clinician Scientist Award, the Oscar and Eleanor Markovitz Fund for Scleroderma Research, and the Freda Fejer Fund of the Arthritis Research Foundation. Dr. Wijeysundera is supported in part by a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a Merit Award from the Department of Anesthesia at the University of Toronto. S.R. Johnson, MD, PhD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto; N. Hakami, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and King Fahad Central Hospital, Ministry of Health; Z. Ahmad, MD, Toronto Scleroderma Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.N. Wijeysundera, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, and Department of Anesthesia and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. S. Johnson, Division of Rheumatology, Ground Floor, East Wing, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada. E-mail: Sindhu.Johnson@uhn.ca. Accepted for publication December 14, 2017.