Research ArticleArticle
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Prevalence and Predictors
Gregorio Miguel Pérez-Peñate, Iñigo Rúa-Figueroa, Gabriel Juliá-Serdá, Fernándo León-Marrero, Antonio García-Quintana, José Ramón Ortega-Trujillo, Celia Erausquin-Arruabarrena, Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano, Pedro Cabrera-Navarro, Nazario Ojeda-Betancor and Miguel Ángel Gómez-Sánchez
The Journal of Rheumatology December 2015, jrheum.150451; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.150451
Gregorio Miguel Pérez-Peñate
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Iñigo Rúa-Figueroa
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Gabriel Juliá-Serdá
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Fernándo León-Marrero
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Antonio García-Quintana
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
José Ramón Ortega-Trujillo
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Celia Erausquin-Arruabarrena
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Pedro Cabrera-Navarro
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Nazario Ojeda-Betancor
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Miguel Ángel Gómez-Sánchez
From the Pneumology Service, Rheumatology Service, Cardiology Service, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín,” Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. Funded in part by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; I. Rúa-Figueroa, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; G. Juliá-Serdá, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; F. León- Marrero, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; A. García-Quintana, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; J.R. Ortega-Trujillo, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Erausquin- Arruabarrena, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; C. Rodríguez-Lozano, MD, Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; P. Cabrera-Navarro, MD, Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; N. Ojeda-Betancor, MD, Anesthesiology Service, Hospital Universitario General de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”; M.Á. Gómez-Sánchez, MD, Cardiology Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre. Address correspondence to Dr. G.M. Pérez-Peñate, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria “Doctor Negrín”, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. E-mail: gperpen@gobiernodecanarias.org. Accepted for publication October 9, 2015.
Abstract
Objective Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) prevalence has been reported to be between 0.5% and 17% in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study assessed PAH prevalence and predictors in an SLE cohort.
Methods The Borg dyspnea scale, DLCO, N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and Doppler echocardiographic (DE) were performed. An echocardiographic Doppler exercise test was conducted in selected patients. When DE systolic pulmonary arterial pressure was ≥ 45 mmHg or increased during exercise > 20 mmHg, a right heart catheterization was performed. Hemodynamic during exercise was measured if rest mean pulmonary arterial pressure was < 25 mmHg.
Results Of the 203 patients with SLE, 152 were included. The mean age was 44.9 ± 12.3 years, and 94% were women. Three patients had known PAH. The algorithm diagnosed 1 patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and 5 with exercise-induced pulmonary artery pressure increase (4 with occult left diastolic dysfunction). These patients had significantly more dyspnea, higher NT-proBNP, and lower DLCO.
Conclusion These data confirm the low prevalence of PAH in SLE. In our cohort, occult left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was a frequent diagnosis of unexplained dyspnea. Dyspnea, DLCO, and NT-proBNP could be predictors of pulmonary hypertension in patients with SLE.
In this issue
The Journal of Rheumatology
Vol. 50, Issue 3
1 Mar 2023
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Prevalence and Predictors
Gregorio Miguel Pérez-Peñate, Iñigo Rúa-Figueroa, Gabriel Juliá-Serdá, Fernándo León-Marrero, Antonio García-Quintana, José Ramón Ortega-Trujillo, Celia Erausquin-Arruabarrena, Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano, Pedro Cabrera-Navarro, Nazario Ojeda-Betancor, Miguel Ángel Gómez-Sánchez
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2015, jrheum.150451; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150451
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Prevalence and Predictors
Gregorio Miguel Pérez-Peñate, Iñigo Rúa-Figueroa, Gabriel Juliá-Serdá, Fernándo León-Marrero, Antonio García-Quintana, José Ramón Ortega-Trujillo, Celia Erausquin-Arruabarrena, Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano, Pedro Cabrera-Navarro, Nazario Ojeda-Betancor, Miguel Ángel Gómez-Sánchez
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2015, jrheum.150451; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150451
