Immunosuppressive Therapies for the Induction Treatment of Proliferative Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review and Network Metaanalysis

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.

From the Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto; Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto; Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. S.Y. Tian’s PhD research is funded in part by the Queen Elizabeth II-Edward Dunlop Foundation Scholarships in Science and Technology, administered at the University of Toronto. S.Y. Tian, MB, MSc, PhD (C), Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; B.M. Feldman, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, and The Hospital for Sick Children; J. Beyene, PhD, Associate Professor, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; P.E. Brown, PhD, Associate Professor, Cancer Care Ontario, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Program in Population Genomics, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University; E.M. Uleryk, MLS, Hospital Library, The Hospital for Sick Children; E.D. Silverman, MD, FRCPC, Professor, Division of Rheumatology and Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Medical Science, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto. Address correspondence to Dr. E.D. Silverman, Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. E-mail: earl.silverman@sickkids.ca. Accepted for publication April 11, 2014.