Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Representative parametric maps of dynamic, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of maximum enhancement superimposed on an axial T1-weighted dynamic MRI of the wrist in a patient with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and another patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The region of interest containing the wrist synovial membrane is outlined in light blue; regions around the tendon sheaths are yellow. The different synovial compartments evaluated are outlined (SYN = joint synovial membrane; EI-III = first to third extensor compartment; FI-II = first and second flexor compartment). In this example, tenoynovitis prevails in PsA and joint synovitis in RA.
- Figure 2.
Dynamic, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging maps of the wrist in a patient with psoriatic arthritis during anti-tumor necrosis factor-α treatment, at baseline (A), and after 1 month (B) and 6 months (C) of therapy. Note the clear decrease of enhancement in the joint synovial membrane and in the synovial sheath of the flexor carpi radialis.
Tables
- Table 1.
Results of dynamic, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging analysis in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), according to the different sites of synovitis and tenosynovitis. Statistical significance was not calculated for values normalized to the area because only comparisons within diseases were used.
PsA RA p PsA RA p First extensor compartment First flexor compartment IRE 0.015 (0–0.06) 0.003 (0–0.02) 0.04 IRE 0.015 (0–0.06) 0.003 (0–0.02) 0.04 IRE/area 3.9 × 10–5 (0–1.1 × 10–4) 7 × 10−6 (0–8 × 10−5) IRE/area 3.9 × 10−5 (0–1.1 × 10−4) 7 × 10−6 (0–8 × 10−5) ME 1.67 ± 0.75 1.60 ± 0.22 0.79 ME 1.67 ± 0.75 1.60 ± 0.22 0.79 ME/area 0.004 ± 0.002 0.005 ± 0.002 ME/area 0.004 ± 0.002 0.005 ± 0.002 Ntotal 55.6 ± 90.4 71.7 ± 49.9 0.64 Ntotal 55.6 ± 90.4 71.7 ± 49.9 0.64 Ntotal/area 0.027 (0–0.47) 0.19 (0.008–0.55) Ntotal/area 0.027 (0–0.47) 0.19 (0.008–0.55) Persistent 1.28 ± 1.89 9 ± 6.32 0.007 Persistent 1.28 ± 1.89 9 ± 6.32 0.007 Plateau 36.4 ± 58.9 37.6 ± 27.2 0.96 Plateau 36.4 ± 58.9 37.6 ± 27.2 0.96 Washout 17.9 ± 30.2 28.3 ± 19.3 0.40 Washout 17.9 ± 30.2 28.3 ± 19.3 0.40 Area 460.4 ± 74.5 374.7 ± 100.6 0.08 Area 460.4 ± 74.5 374.7 ± 100.6 0.08 Second extensor compartment Second flexor compartment IRE 0.028 ± 0.04 0.004 ± 0.004 0.05 IRE 0.004 ± 0.005 0.004 ± 0.003 0.87 IRE/area 9 × 10−5 ± 10−4 4 × 10−5 ± 3 × 10−5 IRE/area 0 (0–2.5 × 10–4) 3.7 × 10–5 (0–0.016) ME 1.58 ± 0.51 1.31 ± 0.53 0.38 ME 0.83 ± 1.08 1.37 ± 0.53 0.18 ME/area 0.004 ± 0.002 0.014 ± 0.007 ME/area 0.015 ± 0.02 0.024 ± 0.01 Ntotal 57.9 ± 75.2 31.6 ± 24.5 0.32 Ntotal 11.8 ± 27.1 22 ± 9.5 0.37 Ntotal/area 0.13 ± 0.16 0.18 ± 0.18 Ntotal/area 0.15 ± 0.29 0.34 ± 0.15 Persistent 1.7 ± 2.1 2.9 ± 4.1 0.5 Persistent 0.14 ± 0.38 2.60 ± 2 0.006 Plateau 39.3 ± 51.2 17.6 ± 15 0.22 Plateau 9.14 ± 20.4 10.9 ± 7 0.80 Washout 16.8 ± 25 11.1 ± 9.3 0.5 Washout 2.57 ± 6.8 6.8 ± 5.8 0.19 Area 455.7 ± 106.4 115.6 ± 48.3 < 0.001 Area 58.6 ± 29.1 59 ± 12.6 0.97 Third extensor compartment Joint synovial membrane IRE 0.013 ± 0.016 0.004 ± 0.002 0.07 IRE 0.013 ± 0.006 0.005 ± 0.004 0.002 IRE/area 2 × 10−4 ± 3 × 10−4 2 × 10−5 ± 1 × 10−6 IRE/area 5.7 × 10−6 ± 1.5 ×10−6 2 × 10−6 ± 1.6 × 10−6 ME 1.46 ± 1.05 1.52 ± 0.16 0.86 ME 1.85 ± 0.2 1.51 ± 0.12 < 0.001 ME/area 0.02 (0–0.05) 0.008 (0.005–0.02) ME/area 9 × 10−4 ± 2 × 10−4 6 × 10−4 ± 1 × 10−4 Ntotal 4.43 ± 6.4 74.1 ± 58.5 0.007 Ntotal 366.4 ± 347.3 971.9 ± 323.6 0.002 Ntotal/area 0.09 ± 0.18 0.35 ± 0.21 Ntotal/area 0.15 ± 0.13 0.41 ± 0.12 Persistent 0 6 ± 5.2 0.008 Persistent 5 (0–23) 22 (8–113) 0.014 Plateau 3.43 ± 4.89 39.1 ± 33.5 0.02 Plateau 238.7 ± 215.6 518.1 ± 188.9 0.013 Washout 1 ± 1.53 29 ± 26.7 0.01 Washout 119.3 ± 136.7 417.6 ± 214.1 0.006 Area 76 ± 21.4 190.4 ± 52.2 < 0.001 Area 2181.1 ± 536.4 2341.1 ± 472.5 0.53 -
IRE: initial rate of enhancement; ME: maximum enhancement; Ntotal: Persistent + plateau + washout enhancement.
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