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Research ArticleGout

The Burden of Gout and Its Attributable Risk Factors in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 1990 to 2019

Fatemeh Amiri, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Maryam Noori, Alireza Khabbazi, Mark J.M. Sullman, Jay S. Kaufman, Gary S. Collins and Saeid Safiri
The Journal of Rheumatology January 2023, 50 (1) 107-116; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.220425
Fatemeh Amiri
1F. Amiri, MD, Student Research Committee, and Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
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Ali-Asghar Kolahi
2A.A. Kolahi, MD, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
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  • ORCID record for Ali-Asghar Kolahi
  • For correspondence: safiris@tbzmed.ac.ir saeidsafiri@gmail.com a.kolahi@sbmu.ac.ir
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
3S.A. Nejadghaderi, MD, Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, and Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran;
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Maryam Noori
4M. Noori, MD, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
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Alireza Khabbazi
5A. Khabbazi, MD, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, and Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
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Mark J.M. Sullman
6M.J.M. Sullman, PhD, Department of Life and Health Sciences, and Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus;
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Jay S. Kaufman
7J.S. Kaufman, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
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Gary S. Collins
8G.S. Collins, PhD, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK;
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Saeid Safiri
9S. Safiri, PhD, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, and Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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  • For correspondence: safiris@tbzmed.ac.ir saeidsafiri@gmail.com a.kolahi@sbmu.ac.ir
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Abstract

Objective This study reported the burden of gout and its attributable risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 1990 and 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Methods Data on the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) due to gout were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study for the 21 countries in the MENA region, from 1990 to 2019.

Results In 2019, the regional age-standardized point prevalence and annual incidence rates of gout were 509.1 and 97.7 per 100,000 population, which represent a 12% and 11.1% increase since 1990, respectively. Moreover, in 2019 the regional age-standardized YLD rate was 15.8 per 100,000 population, an 11.7% increase since 1990. In 2019, Qatar and Afghanistan had the highest and lowest age-standardized YLD rates, respectively. Regionally, the age-standardized point prevalence of gout increased with age up to the oldest age group, and it was more prevalent among males in all age groups. In addition, there was an overall positive association between SDI and the burden of gout between 1990 and 2019. In 2019, high BMI (46.1%) was the largest contributor to the burden of gout in the MENA region.

Conclusion There were large intercountry variations in the burden of gout, but in general, it has increased in MENA over the last 3 decades. This increase is in line with the global trends of gout. However, the age-standardized YLD rate change was higher in MENA than at the global level.

Key Indexing Terms:
  • global burden of disease
  • gout
  • incidence
  • Middle East and North Africa
  • prevalence
  • risk factor
  • years lived with disability
  • Accepted for publication August 3, 2022.
  • Copyright © 2023 by the Journal of Rheumatology
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1 Jan 2023
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The Burden of Gout and Its Attributable Risk Factors in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 1990 to 2019
Fatemeh Amiri, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Maryam Noori, Alireza Khabbazi, Mark J.M. Sullman, Jay S. Kaufman, Gary S. Collins, Saeid Safiri
The Journal of Rheumatology Jan 2023, 50 (1) 107-116; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220425

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The Burden of Gout and Its Attributable Risk Factors in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 1990 to 2019
Fatemeh Amiri, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Maryam Noori, Alireza Khabbazi, Mark J.M. Sullman, Jay S. Kaufman, Gary S. Collins, Saeid Safiri
The Journal of Rheumatology Jan 2023, 50 (1) 107-116; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220425
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Keywords

global burden of disease
GOUT
INCIDENCE
Middle East and North Africa
PREVALENCE
RISK FACTOR
years lived with disability

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  • global burden of disease
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