Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a complex disease with heterogeneous pathogenesis, autoinflammatory and auto-immune, involving both innate and adaptive immunity. All JIA subtypes display joint inflammation, but with distinct clinical phenotypes, disease courses, outcomes, and response to different treatment approaches1. In the last decade, much attention was focused on discovery and potential use of different biomarkers that could provide support in diagnostic and prognostic evaluations. In the sense of diagnostics and personalized therapy decisions, biomarkers could play a major role to support initial diagnosis, allow disease monitoring, and possibly indicate the reoccurrence of inflammatory responses even before clinical manifestation. Such a candidate biomarker(s) should be validated and proven as highly sensitive, obtained by standardized methodology and evaluable in everyday clinical practice. Two reviews by Swart, et al2 and Gohar, et al3 exhaustingly elaborated current knowledge and possible clinical usage of different biomarkers in JIA, pointing out applicability of S100 proteins.
The phagocyte-specific S100 proteins (calgranulins) S100A8 (calgranulin A, also referred to as myeloid-related protein, MRP8), S100A9 (calgranulin …
Address correspondence to Prof. Dr. J. Vojinovic, University of Nis, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Bul dr Zorana Djindjica, 81 Nis, 18000 Serbia. E-mail: vojinovic.jelena{at}gmail
