Modified Framingham Risk Factor Score for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Article Figures & Data

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics.

Characteristics	1/3 Sample, Part 1	2/3 Sample, Part 2
Sample size, n	335	678
Female sex, n (%)	301 (89.9)	604 (89.1)
Age, yrs, mean ± SD	43.7 ± 11.0	42.4 ± 10.8
Disease duration, yrs, mean ± SD	10.0 ± 9.2	9.4 ± 8.8
CAD, n (%)	33 (9.9)	62 (9.1)
hsCRP, (n) mean ± SD	(n = 90) 4.5 ± 8.6	(208) 7.3 ± 13.9
Elevated, (n) n (%)	(n = 90) 30 (33.3)	(208) 85 (40.9)
Current smoker, n (%)	70 (20.9)	124 (18.3)
Blood pressure, mean ± SD
Diastolic	78.5 ± 10.7	78.0 ± 11.3
Systolic	126.3 ± 19.4	124.4 ± 18.4
Cholesterol, mean ± SD	5.2 ± 1.6	5.1 ± 1.3
Elevated, n (%)	131 (39.3)	268 (40.2)
HDL, mean ± SD
Original, (n) mean ± SD	(n = 109) 1.6 ± 0.5	(184) 1.5 ± 0.5
Imputed, (n) mean ± SD	(n = 335) 1.6 ± 0.4	(687) 1.6 ± 0.3
Time to CAD/last clinic visit, yrs, mean ± SD	6.3 ± 3.5	5.7 ± 3.5

CAD: coronary artery disease; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein.

Table 2.

Sensitivity and specificity for the FRS and the mFRS using a multiplier of 1.5, 2, 3, or 4.

Variable	Moderate/high Risk, %	Sensitivity		Specificity
Variable	Moderate/high Risk, %	Sensitivity	95% CI	Specificity	95% CI
FRS	2.9	13.0	0–26.6	98.2	96.3–100.0
1.5 FRS	11.5	19.7	3.7–35.7	89.4	85.2–93.5
2 FRS	20.3	31.5	13.3–49.7	80.9	76.1–85.7
3 FRS	29.7	45.5	26.8–64.1	72.0	66.6–77.5
4 FRS	32.7	46.1	27.4–64.7	68.8	63.1–74.5

Table 3.

Results of multivariate time-dependent analysis for coronary artery disease using the FRS and 2FRS.

Model	Variable	HR	95% CI	p
FRS only	FRS	3.215	0.941–10.990	0.066
FRS and AMS	AMS	1.058	1.013–1.106	0.0109
FRS and AMS	FRS	3.440	0.999–11.850	0.0536
FRS and SLEDAI-2K	FRS	3.495	1.019–11.990	0.0499
FRS and SLEDAI-2K	SLEDAI-2K	1.060	1.021–1.100	0.002
FRS and treatment	Antimalarial	0.682	0.412–1.130	0.1371
	FRS	3.253	0.935–11.320	0.0674
	Immunosuppressive	1.008	0.582–1.745	0.9775
	Steroids	3.254	1.706–6.205	0.0003
2FRS only	2FRS	4.368	2.404–7.936	< 0.0001
2FRS and AMS	AMS	1.061	1.012–1.113	0.016
2FRS and AMS	2FRS	4.529	2.443–8.396	< 0.0001
2FRS and SLEDAI-2K	2FRS	4.563	2.451–8.493	< 0.0001
2FRS and SLEDAI-2K	SLEDAI-2K	1.063	1.021–1.107	0.0035
2FRS and treatment	Antimalarial	0.709	0.429–1.173	0.1806
	2FRS	4.655	2.535–8.545	< 0.0001
	Immunosuppressive	1.097	0.633–1.901	0.7412
	Steroids	3.413	1.787–6.519	0.0002

FRS: Framingham Risk Factor Score; 2FRS: FRS with a multiplier of 2; SLEDAI-2K: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; AMS: adjusted mean SLEDAI.