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Research ArticleArticle

Modified Framingham Risk Factor Score for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Murray B. Urowitz, Dominique Ibañez, Jiandong Su and Dafna D. Gladman
The Journal of Rheumatology May 2016, 43 (5) 875-879; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.150983
Murray B. Urowitz
From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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  • For correspondence: m.urowitz@utoronto.ca
Dominique Ibañez
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Jiandong Su
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Dafna D. Gladman
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Descriptive statistics.

    Characteristics1/3 Sample, Part 12/3 Sample, Part 2
    Sample size, n335678
    Female sex, n (%)301 (89.9)604 (89.1)
    Age, yrs, mean ± SD43.7 ± 11.042.4 ± 10.8
    Disease duration, yrs, mean ± SD10.0 ± 9.29.4 ± 8.8
    CAD, n (%)33 (9.9)62 (9.1)
    hsCRP, (n) mean ± SD(n = 90) 4.5 ± 8.6(208) 7.3 ± 13.9
      Elevated, (n) n (%)(n = 90) 30 (33.3)(208) 85 (40.9)
    Current smoker, n (%)70 (20.9)124 (18.3)
    Blood pressure, mean ± SD
      Diastolic78.5 ± 10.778.0 ± 11.3
      Systolic126.3 ± 19.4124.4 ± 18.4
    Cholesterol, mean ± SD5.2 ± 1.65.1 ± 1.3
      Elevated, n (%)131 (39.3)268 (40.2)
    HDL, mean ± SD
      Original, (n) mean ± SD(n = 109) 1.6 ± 0.5(184) 1.5 ± 0.5
      Imputed, (n) mean ± SD(n = 335) 1.6 ± 0.4(687) 1.6 ± 0.3
    Time to CAD/last clinic visit, yrs, mean ± SD6.3 ± 3.55.7 ± 3.5
    • CAD: coronary artery disease; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein.

    • View popup
    Table 2.

    Sensitivity and specificity for the FRS and the mFRS using a multiplier of 1.5, 2, 3, or 4.

    VariableModerate/high Risk, %SensitivitySpecificity
    Sensitivity95% CISpecificity95% CI
    FRS2.913.00–26.698.296.3–100.0
    1.5 FRS11.519.73.7–35.789.485.2–93.5
    2 FRS20.331.513.3–49.780.976.1–85.7
    3 FRS29.745.526.8–64.172.066.6–77.5
    4 FRS32.746.127.4–64.768.863.1–74.5
    • FRS: Framingham Risk Factor Score; mFRS: modified FRS.

    • View popup
    Table 3.

    Results of multivariate time-dependent analysis for coronary artery disease using the FRS and 2FRS.

    ModelVariableHR95% CIp
    FRS onlyFRS3.2150.941–10.9900.066
      FRS and AMSAMS1.0581.013–1.1060.0109
    FRS3.4400.999–11.8500.0536
      FRS and SLEDAI-2KFRS3.4951.019–11.9900.0499
    SLEDAI-2K1.0601.021–1.1000.002
      FRS and treatmentAntimalarial0.6820.412–1.1300.1371
    FRS3.2530.935–11.3200.0674
    Immunosuppressive1.0080.582–1.7450.9775
    Steroids3.2541.706–6.2050.0003
    2FRS only2FRS4.3682.404–7.936< 0.0001
      2FRS and AMSAMS1.0611.012–1.1130.016
    2FRS4.5292.443–8.396< 0.0001
      2FRS and SLEDAI-2K2FRS4.5632.451–8.493< 0.0001
    SLEDAI-2K1.0631.021–1.1070.0035
      2FRS and treatmentAntimalarial0.7090.429–1.1730.1806
    2FRS4.6552.535–8.545< 0.0001
    Immunosuppressive1.0970.633–1.9010.7412
    Steroids3.4131.787–6.5190.0002
    • FRS: Framingham Risk Factor Score; 2FRS: FRS with a multiplier of 2; SLEDAI-2K: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; AMS: adjusted mean SLEDAI.

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1 May 2016
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Modified Framingham Risk Factor Score for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Murray B. Urowitz, Dominique Ibañez, Jiandong Su, Dafna D. Gladman
The Journal of Rheumatology May 2016, 43 (5) 875-879; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150983

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Modified Framingham Risk Factor Score for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Murray B. Urowitz, Dominique Ibañez, Jiandong Su, Dafna D. Gladman
The Journal of Rheumatology May 2016, 43 (5) 875-879; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150983
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Keywords

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE

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