Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
Summary of “BIPED” (Burden of disease, Investigative, Prognostic, Efficacy and Diagnostic) biomarker classification for osteoarthritis (OA). Adapted from Bauer, et al. Osteoarthritis Cart 2006;14:723–7; with permission.
Burden of Disease Investigative Prognosis Efficacy of Intervention Diagnostic Definition Biomarker associated with extent or severity of OA Biomarker not yet meeting criteria for another category Predicts onset or progression Indicative or predictive of treatment efficacy Differentiates diseased from non-diseased Subjects Must have OA NA With and/or without OA With OA With and/or without OA Design Cross-sectional, case-control NA Longitudinal Controlled trial Cross-sectional or case-control Outcomes Extent or severity of OA NA New or worsening OA Ameliorated OA OA vs no OA Analysis Correlation of biomarker with burden; percent of variance explained NA Sensitivity, specificity to predict poor or good prognosis; if continuous; consider variance explained Risk or OR with 95% CI among successfully vs unsuccessfully treated Sensitivity, specificity, LR AUC from ROC curve Criteria Significant association between marker and extent or severity of OA NA Significant association between marker and onset or progression of OA Significant association between marker and treatment effect Significant association between marker and OA diagnosis -
LR: Likelihood ratio; AUC: area under the curve; ROC: receiver-operating characteristic curve; NA: not applicable.
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