Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
Admission demographics, presenting symptoms, therapeutics, and outcomes. SSc disease characteristics are based on the Medsger severity scale classification12.
Demographics Patients, n = 37 (%) Sex 7 males (11) Age 59.6 ± 11.7 Race 14 AA, 23 W Disease characteristics Cases, n = 64 (%) Raynaud phenomenon 40 (63) Digital ulcers 15 (23) Interstitial lung disease 17 (27) Pulmonary arterial hypertension 26 (41) Esophageal involvement 46 (72) Gastric involvement 20 (31) Bacterial overgrowth 10 (16) Cardiac involvement 10 (16) MSK involvement 12 (19) Renal involvement 1 (2) Opioid use (on admission) 11 (17) Promotility agent (on admission) 31 (48) Symptoms Diarrhea 9 (14) Abdominal pain 32 (50) Nausea 49 (77) Weight loss 11 (17) Hematochezia 2 (3) Melena 2 (3) Fever 4 (6) Other Constipation (13 pts), abdominal distention (7 pts), decreased PO intake (5 pts) Treatment modality NPO 46 (72) Surgery 6 (9) Nasogastric tube** 23/29 (36/45) Prokinetic 31 (48) Antibiotics 20 (31) Intravenous fluids 41 (64) Total parenteral nutrition 26 (41) Outcome Spontaneous resolution 45 (70) Prolonged TPN 16 (25) Death 6 (16) Days hospitalized 12 ± 12.5 -
↵** 23 cases with nasogastric tube, 6 additional cases with gastro-jejunal tube. SSc: systemic sclerosis; AA: African American; W: white; MSK: musculoskeletal; PO: per os; NPO: nil per os; TPN: total parenteral nutrition.
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- Table 2.
Subgroup analysis of admission mortality. SSc disease characteristics are based on the Medsger severity scale classification12. Data in bold face are statistically significant.
Demographics Death (%) Patients, n = 6 No Death (%) Patients, n = 31 p Sex 3 male 4 male 0.014 Age 62 ± 12 58.5 ± 13 0.52 Race 4 AA, 2 W 10 AA, 21 W 0.169 Disease characteristics Cases, n = 6 Cases, n = 58 (%) Raynaud phenomenon 3 37 (64) 0.663 Digital ulcers 2 13 (22) 0.621 Interstitial lung disease 2 15 (26) 0.652 Pulmonary arterial hypertension 2 24 (41) 1 Esophageal involvement 0 42 (72) 0.001 Gastric involvement 0 17 (29) 0.181 Bacterial overgrowth 0 9 (16) 0.581 Opioids (on admission) 2 9 (16) 0.278 Promotility (on admission) 4 29 (50) 0.673 Symptoms Diarrhea 0 9 (16) 0.579 Abdominal pain 0 28 (48) 0.031 Nausea 3 45 (77) 0.159 Weight loss 1 9 (16) 1 Hematochezia 0 1 (2) 1 Melena 0 2 (3) 1 Fever 0 4 (7) 1 Laboratory values Hemoglobin 9.9 ± 0.6 12 ± 2.1 0.00008 White blood cell count 11.2 ± 4.4 10.7 ± 5.8 0.831 AST 42 ± 48 36 ± 26 0.799 ALT 18 ± 6.4 33 ± 35 0.018 Total bilirubin 0.6 ± 0.05 0.78 ± 1.1 0.454 ALP 68 ± 33 124 ± 75 0.013 Creatinine 1.8 ± 1.8 1 ± 0.5 0.405 Albumin 2.5 ± 0.5 3.7 ± 0.9 0.001 Lipase 17 ± 8.5 86 ± 199 0.058 Amylase 71 ± 21 110 ± 66 0.03 Treatment modality NPO 4 42 (72) 0.629 Surgery 2 3 (5) 0.065 Nasogastric tube 6 20 (34) 0.003 Prokinetic 4 27 (47) 0.419 Antibiotics 1 19 (33) 0.653 Intravenous fluids 3 38 (66) 0.658 Total parenteral nutrition 1 21 (36) 0.655 Outcome Spontaneous resolution 0 45 (76) 0.0004 Prolonged TPN 0 16 (27) 0.0001 Days hospitalized 27 ± 21 10.1 ± 9.9 0.098 -
SSc: systemic sclerosis; AA: African American; W: white; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; NPO: nil per os; TPN: total parenteral nutrition.
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- Table 3.
Subgroup analysis on hospital duration. Five cases missing admission or discharge dates. SSc disease characteristics are based on the Medsger severity scale classification12. Data in bold face are statistically significant.
Demographics Hospital > 7 Days (%), n = 28 Hospital < 7 Days (%), n = 31 p Sex 5 male (19) 2 male (7) 0.238 Age, yrs, ± SD 58.9 ± 13 58.3 ± 9 0.855 Race 9 AA, 19 W 11 AA, 20 W 1 Treatment modality NPO 20 (71) 24 (77) 0.765 Surgery 6 (21) 0 (0) 0.008 Nasogastric tube 17 (61) 8 (26) 0.009 Prokinetic 17 (61) 13 (42) 0.195 Antibiotics 14 (50) 13 (42) 0.606 Intravenous fluids 18 (64) 22 (73) 0.780 Total parenteral nutrition 11 (34) 11 (37) 0.79 Outcome Spontaneous resolution 14 (50) 29 (97) 0.0003 Prolonged TPN 8 (29) 8 (27) 1 Death 4 (14) 1 (3) 0.174 Days hospitalized 20.7 3.9 -
SSc: systemic sclerosis; AA: African American; W: white; NPO: nil per os; TPN: total parenteral nutrition.
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- Table 4.
Subgroup analysis on recurrence of pseudo-obstruction. SSc disease characteristics are based on the Medsger severity scale classification12. Data in bold face are statistically significant.
Demographics Single Episode (%), n = 27 Patients Recurrent Episode (%), n = 10 Patients p Sex 7 male 0 male 0.011 Age 61.1 ± 13.9 58.6 ± 9.9 0.467 Race 12 AA, 15 W 2 AA, 8 W 0.26 Disease characteristics Cases, n = 27 Cases, n = 37 Raynaud phenomenon 20 (74) 20 (54) 0.123 Digital ulcers 8 (30) 7 (19) 0.37 Interstitial lung disease 7 (26) 10 (27) 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension 8 (30) 18 (49) 0.197 Esophageal involvement 25 (93) 21 (57) 0.001 Gastric involvement 6 (22) 14 (38) 0.28 Bacterial overgrowth 3 (11) 7 (19) 0.49 Cardiac involvement 3 (11) 7 (19) 0.49 MSK involvement 10 (37) 2 (5) 0.002 Renal involvement 1 (4) 0 (0) 0.42 Opioids (at admission) 8 (30) 3 (8) 0.04 Promotility (at admission) 9 (33) 22 (59) 0.04 Symptoms Diarrhea 7 (26) 2 (5) 0.02 Abdominal pain 17 (63) 15 (41) 0.12 Nausea 14 (52) 35 (95) 0.00008 Weight loss 8 (30) 3 (8) 0.04 Hematochezia 2 (7) 0 (0) 0.174 Melena 0 (0) 2 (5) 0.5 Fever 2 (7) 2 (5) 1 Treatment modality NPO 21 (78) 25 (71) 0.77 Surgery 4 (15) 2 (6) 0.38 Nasogastric tube 10 (37) 19 (54) 0.2 Prokinetic 10 (37) 21 (60) 0.12 Antibiotics 11 (41) 9 (26) 0.27 Intravenous fluids 18 (67) 23 (66) 0.22 Total parenteral nutrition 7 (26) 19 (54) 0.03 Outcome Spontaneous resolution 17 (63) 28 (80) 0.16 Prolonged TPN 1 (4) 15 (43) 0.0008 Death 5 (19) 1 (3) 0.077 Days hospitalized 15 ± 15 9 ± 9 0.06 -
SSc: systemic sclerosis; AA: African American; W: white; NPO: nil per os; TPN: total parenteral nutrition; MSK: musculoskeletal.
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