Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Dynamics of the serum amyloid A (SAA)-1 and -2 markers stratified for EULAR response. The mean values (± 1 SD) of the 4 markers correspond with the SAA isoforms as present in the nonresponders and responders. The corresponding timepoints are baseline (T0), 1 month (T1), and after 4 months after the start of therapy (T4). §p < 0.05, *p < 0.001 using 1-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison. AU: arbitrary unit.
Tables
- Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. Mean values (SD), or mean ± SD, or count (percentage) are shown unless indicated.
Characteristic All Patients, n = 100 EULAR Responders, n = 50 EULAR Nonresponders, n = 50 Age, yrs 52 ± 10 49 ± 11* 56 ± 8* Female, % 87 88 86 Disease duration, yrs 5 (2–13) 5 (2–10) 7 (3–15) RF-positive, % 67 72 62 Erosive disease, % 66 66 66 DAS28 4.7 ± 1.0 4.9 ± 0.8 4.6 ± 1.2 ESR, mm/h 16 (8–33) 15 (8–24) 18 (8–39) CRP, mg/l 6 (3–19) 6 (3–21) 6 (3–17) HAQ 1.1 ± 0.6 1.1 ± 0.6 1.1 ± 0.7 Prior DMARD 2.9 ± 1.1 2.8 ± 1.1 2.9 ± 1.2 MTX use, % 79 86 72 MTX dose, mg/wk 21.5 ± 6.3 21.4 ± 5.9 21.5 ± 6.9 Prednisolone use, % 26 26 26 Prednisolone dose, mg/day 6.7 ± 4.2 5.2 ± 3.0 8.2 ± 4.7 Other DMARD than MTX, % 29 36 22 Cardiovascular risk factors Body mass index 25.5 ± 4.7 24.9 ± 4.0 26.1 ± 5.2 Hypertension, % 23 14 22 Diabetes mellitus, % 4 2 2 Current smoking, % 26 26 26 Statin use, % 12 8 16 Lipid profile Total cholesterol, mmol/l 5.0 ± 1.0 4.9 ± 1.0 5.0 ± 1.0 Triglycerides, mmol/l 1.3 ± 0.5 1.2 ± 0.5 1.3 ± 0.5 HDL cholesterol, mmol/l 1.3 ± 0.5 1.2 ± 0.4 1.3 ± 0.5 LDL cholesterol, mmol/l 3.3 ± 0.8 3.3 ± 0.8 3.4 ± 0.8 Total cholesterol/HDL ratio 4.4 ± 1.9 4.4 ± 2.0 4.4 ± 1.8 ApoA-I, mg/dl 178 ± 36 178 ± 33 179 ± 39 ApoA-II, mg/dl 30 ± 7 29 ± 6 31 ± 8 ApoB, mg/dl 122 ± 31 120 ± 33 125 ± 29 ApoE, mg/dl 4.4 ± 2.1 4.7 ± 2.5 4.1 ± 1.6 ApoC-III, mg/dl 9.9 ± 3.3 9.3 ± 2.9 10.6 ± 3.6 ApoB/ApoA-I ratio 0.7 ± 0.3 0.7 ± 0.3 0.7 ± 0.3 -
↵* Patients with European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good response were significantly younger than EULAR nonresponders (p < 0.001). IQR: interquartile range; RF: rheumatoid factor; DAS28: Disease Activity Score of 28 joints; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; MTX: methotrexate; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; apo: apolipoproteins.
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- Table 2.
Changes in lipid levels according to EULAR response at 1 and 4 months of therapy.
Baseline 1 Month 4 Months EULAR nonresponders Total cholesterol, mmol/l 5.03 ± 0.96 5.09 ± 1.10 4.98 ± 1.03 Triglycerides, mmol/l 1.32 ± 0.54 1.29 ± 0.53 1.23 ± 0.49 HDL cholesterol, mmol/l 1.29 ± 0.50 1.30 ± 0.51 1.30 ± 0.46 LDL cholesterol, mmol/l 3.40 ± 0.76 3.42 ± 0.82 3.34 ± 0.78 Total cholesterol/HDL ratio 4.39 ± 1.76 4.41 ± 1.69 4.23 ± 1.65 ApoA-I, mg/dl 1.79 ± 0.39 1.78 ± 0.32 1.79 ± 0.31 ApoA-II, mg/dl 0.31 ± 0.08 0.32 ± 0.09 0.31 ± 0.08 ApoB, mg/dl 1.25 ± 0.29 1.26 ± 0.33 1.21 ± 0.28 ApoE, mg/dl 0.04 ± 0.02 0.04 ± 0.02 0.04 ± 0.01 ApoC-III, mg/dl 0.11 + 0.04 0.11 ± 0.04 0.10 ± 0.03 ApoB/ApoA-I ratio 0.75 ± 0.34 0.73 ± 0.21 0.74 ± 0.31 EULAR good responders Total cholesterol, mmol/l 4.88 ± 0.96 4.78 ± 0.88 4.95 ± 1.02 Triglycerides, mmol/l 1.19 ± 0.53 1.18 ± 0.60 1.26 ± 0.60 HDL cholesterol, mmol/l 1.24 ± 0.40 1.27 ± 0.44* 1.30 ± 0.39* LDL cholesterol, mmol/l 3.30 ± 0.83 3.16 ± 0.75 3.26 ± 0.85 Total cholesterol/HDL ratio 4.38 ± 1.98 4.16 ± 1.53* 4.16 ± 1.66* ApoA-I, g/l 1.78 ± 0.33 1.75 ± 0.25 1.78 ± 0.33 ApoA-II, g/l 0.29 ± 0.06 0.31 ± 0.06* 0.31 ± 0.06* ApoB, g/l 1.20 ± 0.33 1.14 ± 0.30* 1.18 ± 0.31* ApoE, g/l 0.05 ± 0.03 0.04 ± 0.03 0.05 ± 0.02 ApoC-III, g/l 0.09 ± 0.03 0.09 ± 0.03 0.10 ± 0.03 ApoB/ApoA-I ratio 0.70 ± 0.26 0.67 ± 0.21* 0.67 ± 0.23* -
↵* Generalized estimating equation analyses were used to test for longitudinal changes in lipids. There were significant differences at 1 and 4 months of therapy compared to baseline for HDL (p = 0.006), TC/HDL ratio (p = 0.014), ApoA-II (p = 0.004), ApoB (p = 0.013), and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio (p = 0.001). EULAR: European League Against Rheumatism; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; apo: apolipoproteins.
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Details of mass charge markers in nonresponders (signal in relative units).
Details of mass charge markers in responders (signal in relative units).
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