Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: Part of a Common Spectrum or Distinct Diseases?

REFERENCES

1. 1.↵
   1. van der Linden S,
   2. Valkenburg HA,
   3. Cats A

   . Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum 1984;27:361–8.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
2. 2.↵
   1. Rudwaleit M,
   2. Landewe R,
   3. van der Heijde D,
   4. Listing J,
   5. Brandt J,
   6. Braun J,
   7. et al.

   The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part I): classification of paper patients by expert opinion including uncertainty appraisal. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:770–6.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
3. 3.↵
   1. Rudwaleit M,
   2. van der Heijde D,
   3. Landewe R,
   4. Listing J,
   5. Akkoc N,
   6. Brandt J,
   7. et al.

   The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:777–83.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
4. 4.↵
   1. Rudwaleit M,
   2. Khan MA,
   3. Sieper J

   . The challenge of diagnosis and classification in early ankylosing spondylitis: do we need new criteria? Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:1000–8.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
5. 5.↵
   1. Mau W,
   2. Zeidler H,
   3. Mau R,
   4. Majewski A,
   5. Freyschmidt J,
   6. Stangel W,
   7. et al.

   Clinical features and prognosis of patients with possible ankylosing spondylitis. Results of a 10-year followup. J Rheumatol 1988;15:1109–14.

   OpenUrlPubMed
6. 6.↵
   1. Sampaio-Barros PD,
   2. Bertolo MB,
   3. Kraemer MH,
   4. Marques-Neto JF,
   5. Samara AM

   . Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathies: a 2-year follow-up study. Clin Rheumatol 2001;20:201–6.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
7. 7.↵
   1. Sampaio-Barros PD,
   2. Bortoluzzo AB,
   3. Conde RA,
   4. Costallat LT,
   5. Samara AM,
   6. Bertolo MB

   . Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: a longterm followup. J Rheumatol 2010;37:1195–9.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
8. 8.↵
   1. Poddubnyy D,
   2. Rudwaleit M,
   3. Haibel H,
   4. Listing J,
   5. Marker-Hermann E,
   6. Zeidler H,
   7. et al.

   Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2 years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2011;70:1369–74.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
9. 9.↵
   1. Robinson PC,
   2. Wordsworth BP,
   3. Reveille JD,
   4. Brown MA

   . Axial spondyloarthritis: a new disease entity, not necessarily early ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:162–4.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
10. 10.↵
    1. Haibel H,
    2. Rudwaleit M,
    3. Listing J,
    4. Heldmann F,
    5. Wong RL,
    6. Kupper H,
    7. et al.

    Efficacy of adalimumab in the treatment of axial spondylarthritis without radiographically defined sacroiliitis: results of a twelve-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial followed by an open-label extension up to week fifty-two. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58:1981–91.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
11. 11.↵
    1. Sieper J,
    2. van der Heijde D,
    3. Dougados M,
    4. Mease PJ,
    5. Maksymowych WP,
    6. Brown MA,
    7. et al.

    Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: results of a randomised placebo-controlled trial (ABILITY-1). Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:815–22.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
12. 12.↵
    1. Kiltz U,
    2. Baraliakos X,
    3. Karakostas P,
    4. Igelmann M,
    5. Kalthoff L,
    6. Klink C,
    7. et al.

    Do patients with non-radiographic axial spondylarthritis differ from patients with ankylosing spondylitis? Arthritis Care Res 2012;64:1415–22.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
13. 13.↵
    1. Rudwaleit M,
    2. Haibel H,
    3. Baraliakos X,
    4. Listing J,
    5. Marker-Hermann E,
    6. Zeidler H,
    7. et al.

    The early disease stage in axial spondylarthritis: results from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2009;60:717–27.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    1. Mahendira D,
    2. Haroon N,
    3. Carty A,
    4. Thavaneswaran A,
    5. Anton A,
    6. Passalent L,
    7. et al.

    Oral Contraceptive Pill (OCP) use in women with ankylosing spondylitis is associated with a younger age at diagnosis [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum 2012;Suppl 64:S941–2.
15. 15.↵
    1. Lui NL,
    2. Haroon N,
    3. Carty A,
    4. Shen H,
    5. Cook RJ,
    6. Shanmugarajah S,
    7. et al.

    Effect of pregnancy on ankylosing spondylitis: a case-control study. J Rheumatol 2011;38:2442–4.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
16. 16.↵
    1. Feldtkeller E,
    2. Khan MA,
    3. van der Heijde D,
    4. van der Linden S,
    5. Braun J

    . Age at disease onset and diagnosis delay in HLA-B27 negative vs. positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int 2003;23:61–6.

    OpenUrlPubMed