Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
The process of data collection and analysis.
Tables
Characteristic 30-day Mortality Cohort, mean (SD) or % 90-day Mortality Cohort mean (SD) or % Mean age (SD), yrs 67.4 (7.0) 68.0 (6.8) % Female 52.8 61.3 % Caucasian 80.5 91.2 % Osteoarthritis 65.1 82.5 Mean body mass index 28.9 (1.6) 28.1 (2.7) 30-day Mortality 90-day Mortality n/N (%) Relative Risk (95% CI) n/N (%) Relative Risk (95% CI) Sex Female 156/32,612 (0.4) Reference 382/37,392 (1.0) Reference Male 635/33,797 (1.8) 3.93 (3.30–4.68) 195/18,382 (1.1) 1.04 (0.87–1.23) Underlying diagnosis Osteoarthritis 114/31,504 (0.4) Reference 78/13,686 (0.3) Reference Rheumatoid arthritis 20/7,174 (0.3) 0.77 (0.48–1.24) 4/481 (0.8) 1.46 (0.53–4.00) Laterality Unilateral 10,711/3,739,900 (0.3) Reference 199/28,988 (0.6) Reference Bilateral 765/167,069 (0.5) 1.60 (1.49–1.72) 22/2,916 (0.7) 1.13 (0.73–1.76) -
↵* Since only a few studies provided numbers separately for sex, underlying diagnosis, and laterality, the mortality rates may differ from the overall rates, since these studies were a subset of all studies included.
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- Table 3.
30-day mortality stratified by type of joint (hip vs knee vs both) and type of arthroplasty (primary vs revision vs both)* for elective surgery and all-comers.
No. Studies** All Studies Combined (%) Underlying Indication for Arthroplasty Elective (%) All-comers† (%) Hip arthroplasty 2,602/411,675 (0.63) Primary hip 11 48/6,703 (0.71) 2,224/352,708 (0.63) Revision hip†† 6 22/7,371 (0.29) 24/2,402 (1.0) Primary and revision combined 5 90/30,714 (0.29) 234/21,327 (1.1) Knee arthroplasty 13,233/4,569,617 (0.29) Primary knee 8 75/12,108 (0.62) 1,277/372,444 (0.34) Revision knee†† 1 — 4/4,375 (0.1) Primary and revision combined 7 11,881/4,185,030 (0.28) 0/35 (0) -
↵* Since only a few studies provided numbers separately for knee and hip arthroplasty, the mortality rates may not reflect overall rates, these studies being a subset of all studies included.
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↵** One study could provide data for more than 1 group.
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↵† All-comers included studies where all patients were included and those in which there was no clear description of included patients.
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↵†† Revision numbers were often a subset of the mortality for the entire sample, frequently with primary arthroplasty constituting a large majority of cohort and high proportion of all deaths.
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- Table 4.
90-day mortality stratified by underlying type of joint (hip vs knee vs both) and type of arthroplasty (primary vs revision vs both)* for elective surgery and all-comers.
No. Studies** Overall (all studies) (%) Underlying Indication for Arthroplasty Elective (%) All-comers† (%) Hip arthroplasty 2,126/236,104 (0.9) Primary hip 2 395/46,007 (0.86) 744/100,058 (0.74) Revision hip†† 8 327/15,229 (2.15) 38/3785 (1.0) Primary and revision combined 6 884/73,750 (1.19) 103/16,289 (0.63) Knee arthroplasty 2,432/393,540 (0.62) Primary knee 8 508/78,745 (0.65) 1,921/313,586 (0.61) Revision knee†† 1 — 1/132 (0.76) Primary and revision combined 1 — 3/1,209 (0.25) -
↵* Since only a few studies provided numbers separately for knee and hip arthroplasty, the mortality rates may not reflect overall rates, these studies being a subset of all studies included.
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↵** One study could provide data for more than 1 group.
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↵† All-comers included studies where all patients were included and those in which there was no clear description of included patients.
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↵†† Revision numbers were often a subset of the mortality for the entire sample, frequently with primary arthroplasty constituting a large majority of cohort and high proportion of all deaths.
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- Table 5.
Comparison of primary and revision arthroplasty for studies including all-comers and elective arthroplasty.
30-day Mortality 90-day Mortality Primary (%) Revision (%) Relative Risk* (95% CI) Primary (%) Revision (%) Relative Risk (95% CI) All-comers 3,501/725,152 (0.5) 28/6,777 (0.4) 0.86 (0.59–1.24) 2,681/415,213 (0.6) 47/6,190 (0.8) 1.18 (0.88–1.57) Elective 123/18,811 (0.6) 22/7,371** (0.3) 0.46 (0.29–0.72) 1,126/135,496 (0.8) 320/13,128 (2.4) 2.93 (2.59–3.31) 30-day Mortality 90-day Mortality US/Canada (%) Other Countries (%) Relative Risk (95% CI) US/Canada (%) Other Countries (%) Relative Risk (95% CI) Primary hip: all-comers 893/69,819 (1.28) 1,331/282,889 (0.47) 2.72 (2.50–2.96) 37/8,885 (0.42) 707/91,173 (0.78) 0.54 (0.39–0.75) Primary knee: all-comers 522/111,385 (0.43) 755/261,059 (0.29) 1.62 (1.45–1.81) 1,733/289,094 (0.60) 188/24,492 (0.77) 0.78 (0.67–0.91)
