Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Psoriatic arthritis: A (sagittal) and B (coronal) STIR sequence images show enhancement close to the tibial insertion of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), with periligamentous high signal intensity compatible with fluid, moderate knee effusion, and focal bone marrow edema at the tibial insertion of the PCL (black arrow). C (sagittal) and D (axial) postcontrast T1 fat saturated images show enhancement at entheseal sites close to PCL and MCL and femoral insertions of biceps femoris tendon.
- Figure 2.
Ankylosing spondylitis: A. Right knee PD fat saturated image shows enthesitis at the patellar tendon insertion (white arrow). Ulcerative colitis: B. Axial PD fat saturated image shows enthesitis at the medial patellar retinaculum (white arrow). Crohn’s disease: C (coronal) and D (axial) PD fat saturated images show enthesitis at the lateral collateral ligament of the right knee in the same patient (white arrows).
- Figure 3.
Skin psoriasis: A. Right knee coronal PD fat saturated image shows bone marrow edema (white arrow). B. Sagittal PD fat saturated image shows soft tissue edema and enthesitis at the patellar tendon insertion (white arrow) in another patient with skin psoriasis. C. Right knee coronal PD fat saturated image shows enthesitis at the medial patellofemoral ligament (white arrow). D. Right knee sagittal PD fat saturated image shows coexisting enthesitis in the same knee at the patellar tendon.
Tables
- Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of the studied groups of patients. Data are the mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
Characteristic PsA, n = 30 AS, n = 5 ReA, n = 5 UC, n = 5 Crohn’s Disease, n = 5 Skin Psoriasis, n = 6 Sex, no. (%) Male 18 (60) 4 (80) 4 (80) 2 (40) 3 (60) 1 (16.7) Female 12 (40) 1 (20) 1 (20) 3 (60) 2 (40) 5 (83.3) Age* 38.3 ± 8.2 35.2 ± 5.2 33.4 ± 4.2 37.8 ± 7.9 38.6 ± 5.4 39 ± 7.9 Age at onset* 35.8 ± 8.2 30.4 ± 3.3 31.2 ± 3.3 36.4 ± 7.8 35.8 ± 6.6 35.2 ± 7.7 Disease duration* 30.3 ± 20.1 57.6 ± 39.3 15 ± 5.2 16.8 ± 10.7 31.2 ± 16.1 42 ± 18.2 Manifestations, no. (%) SJC, no. (%) 3.8 ± 1.24 1 ± 1.4 3.6 ± 2.1 0.0 ± 0.0 1 ± 1.4 0.0 ± 0.0 TJC 3.6 ± 1.5 1 ± 1.4 3.6 ± 2.1 0.0 ± 0.0 1 ± 1.4 0.0 ± 0.0 Sacroiliitis 27 (90) 5 (100) 2 (40) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) Clinical tenosynovitis 12 (40) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) Nail dystrophy 28 (93.3) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6 (100) Spinal disease 28 (93.3) 5 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Slit lamp changes 28 (93.3) 4 (80) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Treatment, no. (%) Methotrexate 30 (100) 5 (100) 5 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Anti-TNF 0 (0) 5 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Steroids 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (100) 5 (100) 0 (0) Sulfasalazine 2 (6.7) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Mesalamine 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (100) 5 (100) 0 (0) Azathioprine 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (100) 5 (100) 0 (0) Topical treatment 30 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6 (100) -
SJC: Swollen joint count; TJC: tender joint count; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; ReA: reactive arthritis; UC: ulcerative colitis.
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↵* Mean ± SD.
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- Table 2.
Laboratory investigations and detailed MRI findings among the studied groups of patients. Data are the mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
Characteristic PsA, n = 30 AS, n = 5 ReA, n = 5 UC, n = 5 Crohn’s Disease, n = 5 Skin Psoriasis, n = 6 ESR, mm/h* 42.6 ± 9.81 46.6 ± 4.83 56.6 ± 13.03 19.2 ± 8.17 21.8 ± 8.32 13.5 ± 3.56 CRP, mg/dl* 3.23 ± 1.25 3.6 ± 0.82 4.34 ± 3.0 2.6 ± 1.03 1.7 ± 1.3 0.6 ± 0.49 Side of MRI, no. (%) Unilateral 9 (30) 0 (0) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Bilateral 21 (70) 5 (100) 3 (60) 5 (100) 5 (100) 6 (100) Synovial thickness, mm* 2.66 ± 0.94 2.24 ± 1.2 2.66 ± 0.97 0.92 ± 0.31 1.3 ± 0.414 1.8 ± 0.82 Manifestations, no. (%) Soft tissue edema 21 (70) 1 (20) 2 (40) 1 (20) 1 (20) 2 (33.3) Bone erosions 7 (23.3) 1 (20) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Cartilage erosions 12 (40) 1 (20) 3 (60) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) Baker’s cyst 3 (10) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) BME 8 (26.7) 2 (40) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (16.7) Single lesion in the same joint 28 (93.3) 4 (80) 4 (80) 2 (40) 3 (60) 4 (66.7) Combined lesions in the same joint 2 (6.7) 1 (20) 1 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (16.7) Enthesitis by site, no. (%) MCL 12 (40) 2 (40) 2 (40) 1 (20) 1 (20) 0 (0) LCL 5 (16.7) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) ACL 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) PCL 2 (6.7) 0 (0) 1 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Patellar tendon insertion 7 (23.3) 1 (20) 3 (60) 1 (20) 0 (0) 5 (83.3) Biceps femoris insertion 3 (10) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) MPFL 2 (6.7) 1 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (20) 1 (16.7) LPFL 1 (3.3) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) -
↵* Mean ± SD. PsA: psoriatic arthritis; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; ReA: reactive arthritis; UC: ulcerative colitis; BME: bone marrow edema; MCL: medial collateral ligament; LCL: lateral collateral ligament; ACL: anterior cruciate ligament; PCL: posterior cruciate, MPFL: medial patellofemoral ligament; LPFL: lateral patellofemoral ligament.
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