Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Two different types of telangiectasia: (A) matted; (B) stellate.
- Figure 2.
The mean telangiectasia score increased by 2.5 for every 10-year increase in scleroderma disease duration (p < 0.001).
- Figure 3.
The mean RVSP increased by 10.8 mm Hg for every 10-point increase in telangiectasia score (p = 0.001).
- Figure 4.
Total telangiectasia score by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) status. PAH is defined as either an estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) ≥ 45 mm Hg or right-heart catheterization–confirmed PAH.
Tables
Variables Telangiectasia Score 0–3, n = 54 Telangiectasia Score 4–7, n = 50 Telangiectasia Score 8+, n = 43 p Age, yrs, mean (SD) 47.8 (11.1) 57.6 (13.9) 58.5 (12.1) < 0.0001 Women, no. (%) 47 (87.0) 41 (82.0) 39 (90.7) 0.52 Race, no. (%) 0.007 White 33 (61.1) 37 (74.0) 39 (90.7) African American 16 (29.6) 9 (18.0) 3 (7.0) Asian 5 (9.3) 2 (4.0) 0 (0) Other 0 (0) 2 (4.0) 1 (2.3) Scleroderma classification, no. (%) 0.19 Limited 28 (51.9) 29 (58.0) 30 (69.8) Diffuse 26 (48.1) 21 (42.0) 13 (30.2) Disease duration, yrs, mean (SD) 6.2 (5.5) 8.4 (5.2) 14.6 (10.9) < 0.0001 Smoking, no. (%) 0.03 Never 36 (66.7) 25 (50.0) 18 (41.8) Former 10 (18.5) 21 (42.0) 19 (44.2) Current 8 (14.8) 4 (8.0) 6 (14.0) Vascular disease, no. (%) Peripheral vascular disease 1 (1.9) 3 (6.0) 0 (0) 0.21 Coronary artery disease 2 (3.7) 7 (14.0) 4 (9.3) 0.18 Atherosclerotic CVD 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (2.3) 0.29 Hypertension 8 (14.8) 14 (28.0) 11 (25.6) 0.22 Renal disease, no. (%) 3 (5.6) 5 (10.0) 7 (16.3) 0.23 FVC (% predicted), mean (SD), n = 143 73.8 (20.5) 74.2 (17.9) 73.5 (21.2) 0.98 Autoantibody status, no. (%) Centromere, n = 146 6 (11.1) 13 (26.0) 13 (31.0) 0.04 Scl-70, n = 146 17 (31.5) 8 (16.0) 6 (14.3) 0.08 Ribonucleoprotein, n = 142 8 (15.1) 6 (12.5) 1 (2.4) 0.11 Medication use, no. (%) Calcium channel blocker 28 (51.9) 26 (52.0) 24 (55.8) 0.94 Phosphodiesterase inhibitor 1 (1.9) 3 (6.0) 12 (27.9) < 0.001 Endothelin antagonist 4 (7.4) 2 (4.0) 3 (7.0) 0.76 Prostacyclin 1 (1.9) 1 (2.0) 3 (7.0) 0.44 Antiplatelet 10 (18.5) 15 (30.0) 14 (32.6) 0.24 Anticoagulation 1 (1.9) 6 (12.0) 5 (11.6) 0.07 ACE inhibitor or ARB 20 (37.0) 15 (30.0) 29 (44.2) 0.37 Statin 11 (20.4) 14 (28.0) 10 (23.3) 0.65 -
CVD: cerebrovascular disease; FVC: forced vital capacity; Scl: scleroderma; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker.
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Variables Telangiectasia Score 0–3, n = 54 Telangiectasia Score 4–7, n = 50 Telangiectasia Score 8+, n = 43 p RVSP, mean (SD) 34.4 (8.8) 38.1 (15.6) 48.1 (25.4) 0.0007 DLCO, mean (SD) 69.8 (26.0) 70.6 (25.9) 61.9 (27.8) 0.24 -
RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; DLCO: diffusion capacity.
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ß Crude (95% CI) p ß Adjusted* (95% CI) p Telangiectasia score (per 10-point increase) 10.8 (4.5, 17.2) 0.001 10.9 (3.6, 18.3) 0.004 Age (per 10 yrs) 4.0 (1.8, 6.1) < 0.001 2.0 (−0.5, 4.6) 0.12 Race/ethnicity** 0.56 0.55 Black −2.3 (−10, 5.5) 3.6 (−4.1, 11.3) Hispanic −18.9 (−44.5, 6.7) −16.1 (−40.0, 7.8) Asian/Pacific Islander −5.1 (−20.1, 9.9) 3.1 (−11.6, 17.7) Mid-East/Arabian −10.6 (−46.7, 25.4) −5.6 (−39.9, 28.7) Scleroderma subtype (diffuse vs limited) −6.1 (−12.1, −0.1) 0.047 −1.8 (−8.6, 4.9) 0.59 Scleroderma disease duration (per 10 yrs) 3.3 (−0.2, 7.0) 0.07 −0.5 (−4.5, 3.6) 0.81 Autoantibody status Anticentromere 5.8 (−1.4, 12.9) 0.11 4.0 (−3.7, 11.7) 0.31 Anti-Scl 70 −0.1 (−7.4, 7.3) 0.99 4.8 (−2.5, 12.1) 0.19 Anti-RNP 5.6 (−3.9, 15.1) 0.25 8.6 (−1.0, 18.2) 0.08 Smoking history 0.02 0.26 Former vs never 8.7 (2.3, 15.1) 5.0 (−1.7–11.7) Current vs never −0.6 (−10.0, 8.7) −1.9 (−11.3, 7.4)
In this issue
Telangiectases in Scleroderma: A Potential Clinical Marker of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
