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Research ArticleArticle

Cigarette Smoking and Cutaneous Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

IRINA TURCHIN, SASHA BERNATSKY, ANN E. CLARKE, YVAN ST-PIERRE and CHRISTIAN A. PINEAU
The Journal of Rheumatology December 2009, 36 (12) 2691-2693; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.090403
IRINA TURCHIN
From the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC); Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the MUHC; and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, MUHC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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SASHA BERNATSKY
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  • For correspondence: sasha.bernatsky@mail.mcgill.ca
ANN E. CLARKE
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YVAN ST-PIERRE
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CHRISTIAN A. PINEAU
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Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and cutaneous damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods. Our study was performed in SLE clinic registry cohort patients, all of whom fulfilled revised American College of Rheumatology criteria for SLE; patients are followed prospectively with annual assessments that include collection of demographic variables, smoking history, disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index version 2000, SLEDAI-2K), medications, and damage scores (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index). Cumulative cutaneous damage scores were used for the primary analyses. Logistic and logit regression models were performed to examine potential associations between current smoking and cutaneous damage, controlling for age, sex, race, lupus disease duration, antimalarial or immunosuppressant use, and anti-DNA and anti-SSA antibody status.

Results. Of our sample (N = 276), 92% were women and 73.7% were Caucasian; the mean age was 45.1 years, mean disease duration 13.5 years, and 17.5% were current smokers. In the regression analyses, current cigarette smoking was associated with total cutaneous damage (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.10, 6.81) and with scarring (OR 4.70, 95 CI 1.04, 21.2). In additional analyses, current smoking was also associated with active lupus rash (OR 6.18, 95% CI 1.63, 23.3).

Conclusions. Current cigarette smoking may be associated with cutaneous damage and active lupus rash in SLE, suggesting another reason to emphasize smoking cessation in patients with SLE.

  • SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
  • DISEASE ACTIVITY
  • SMOKING
  • SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS DISEASE ACTIVITY INDEX
  • SKIN

Footnotes

  • Supported by the Singer Family Fund for Lupus Research. Dr. S. Bernatsky is a Canadian Arthritis Network Scholar and is supported by the CIHR, the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ), and the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) Research Institute and Department of Medicine. Dr. C. Pineau is supported by the MUHC Research Institute and Department of Medicine. Dr. A. Clarke is a FRSQ National Scholar.

  • Accepted for publication July 9, 2009.
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The Journal of Rheumatology
Vol. 36, Issue 12
1 Dec 2009
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Cigarette Smoking and Cutaneous Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
IRINA TURCHIN, SASHA BERNATSKY, ANN E. CLARKE, YVAN ST-PIERRE, CHRISTIAN A. PINEAU
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2009, 36 (12) 2691-2693; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.090403

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Cigarette Smoking and Cutaneous Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
IRINA TURCHIN, SASHA BERNATSKY, ANN E. CLARKE, YVAN ST-PIERRE, CHRISTIAN A. PINEAU
The Journal of Rheumatology Dec 2009, 36 (12) 2691-2693; DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.090403
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Keywords

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
DISEASE ACTIVITY
SMOKING
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS DISEASE ACTIVITY INDEX
SKIN

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Keywords

  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • disease activity
  • smoking
  • SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS DISEASE ACTIVITY INDEX
  • skin

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