TGF-β1 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that regulates immune cell proliferation, survival,
differentiation, and migration. Compelling evidence has demonstrated a strong association …

… Different varieties of electroconductive wood are widely reported; however, modulating the
wood’s ...The nature of mass transport in plants has recently inspired the development of low-…

D-mannose, a C-2 epimer of glucose, exists naturally in many plants and fruits, and is found
in human blood at concentrations less than one-fiftieth of that of glucose. However, although …

… The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative
Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included …

… Several reports, including ours on the synovitis of rheumatoid arthritis and the sialoadenitis
of Sjögren’s syndrome, show that PD-1 + T cells accumulate at sites of inflammation in …

The acute effects of nicotine [1-methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine] on the formation and resorption
of bone were examined in cultures of clonal rat calvarial osteogenic cells (ROB-C26) and …

CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are extremely important in maintaining
immune tolerance. Manipulation of Treg cells, especially autoantigen-specific Treg cells is a …

… While PD-L1 and PD-L2 bind PD-1 with comparable affinities, PD-L1’s dissociation is
delayed, and PD-L2’s is not. This mechanism is not restricted to PD-1 binding, since PD-L1 …

… For isolation of CD11b + cells (MΦ) and CD11c + cells (DCs), spleens were incubated for
20 min at 37C in a Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium including collagenase (8 mg/ml) …

Background The diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis is difficult because the sensitivity of the
conventional methods for the detection of Aspergillus such as culture and cytology, is poor. …