Tumor-induced tolerance is a well-established phenomenon in cancer patients that can
severely impair the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. One mechanism leading to T-cell …

T cells infiltrating tumors have a decreased expression of signal transduction proteins, a
diminished ability to proliferate, and a decreased production of cytokines. The mechanisms …

Myeloid suppressor cells with high arginase activity are found in tumors and spleen of mice
with colon and lung cancer. These cells, described as macrophages or immature dendritic …

Purpose: Immune dysfunction reported in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients may contribute
to tumor progression. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent one mechanism …

The natural history of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections can vary widely; infections
can spontaneously resolve but can also last from months to years, potentially progressing to …

l-Arginine plays a central role in the normal function of several organs including the immune
system. It is metabolized in macrophages by inducible nitric oxide synthase to produce nitric …

l-Arg plays a central role in the normal function of several organ systems including the immune
system. l-Arg can be depleted by arginase I produced by macrophages and hepatocytes …

Cancer patients and mice bearing tumors develop a progressive immunosuppression
manifested by a decreased delayed-type hypersensitivity, decreased T-cell lytic activity, …

Engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR) by antigen or anti-CD3 antibody results in a cycle of
internalization and re-expression of the CD3ζ. Following internalization, CD3ζ is degraded …

The results from in vitro immunological experiments, murine tumor models and patients with
cancer clearly demonstrate that tumors have multiple mechanisms to evade the immune …