How lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signals through toll-like receptors (TLRs) to induce nuclear
factor (NF)–κB and inflammatory cytokines in sepsis remains unclear. Major candidates for …

The widespread distribution of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their ligands raises the question
whether they contribute to the production of inflammatory and tissue destructive molecules …

TLR3 recognizes double-stranded RNA, a product associated with viral infections. Many
details of TLR3-induced mechanisms have emerged from gene-targeted mice or inhibition …

The advent of anti-TNF biologicals has been a seminal advance in the treatment of rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) and has confirmed the important role of TNF in disease pathogenesis. …

Sub-endothelial infiltration of monocytes occurs early in atherogenesis and is facilitated by
cell adhesion molecules that are up-regulated on activated endothelium. Apolipoprotein E (…

Although apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3) is atheroprotective, two common isoforms, apoE2 and
apoE4, produce recessive and dominant hyperlipidaemias, respectively. Using a fluorescent …

… In contrast, TLR9 -/- lpr/lpr mice produce Sm antibodies; however, the switch to anti-chromatin
and … S Sacre has several patents for the treatment of arthritis with small molecule inhibitors. …

The role of the innate immune system has been established in the initiation and perpetuation
of inflammatory disease, but less attention has been paid to its role in the resolution of …

Objective. To investigate the effects of soluble uric acid (UA) on expression and activation of
the NOD-like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in …

In an attempt to combat the pain and damage generated by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), new
drugs are being developed to target molecular aspects of the disease process. Recently, a …