Background and Objectives We introduce and clinically examine a new concept of skin
treatment called fractional photothermolysis (FP), achieved by applying an array of microscopic …

Suitably brief pulses of selectively absorbed optical radiation can cause selective damage
to pigmented structures, cells, and organelles in vivo. Precise aiming is unnecessary in this …

• Light reflected from skin has two components: regular reflectance, or "glare" arising from the
surface, and light backscattered from within the tissue. The regular reflectance contains the …

An integrated review of the transfer of optical radiation into human skin is presented, aimed
at developing useful models for photomedicine. The component chromophores of epidermis …

We describe a new method for selective cell targeting based on the use of light-absorbing
microparticles and nanoparticles that are heated by short laser pulses to create highly …

Among available non-invasive imaging tools, confocal reflectance microscopy (CM)
provides the highest-resolution optical sectioning of skin in vivo, to a controlled depth of 200-350 …

Confocal microscopy is a technique in optical imaging that uses point illumination via a
spatial pinhole to eliminate outof-focus signals. The excitation light in confocal microscopy is …

The story of prevention and control of infectious diseases remains open and a series of highly
virulent pathogens are emerging both in and beyond the hospital setting. Antibiotics were …

… unweighted r and the weighted r. The unweighted r was calculated by transforming the individual
r … the individual Z values, and then backtransforming the average Z into r. The weighted …

Confocal scanning laser microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the
correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on …