Thymic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells and medullary thymic
epithelial cells (mTECs) use distinct strategies of self-antigen expression and presentation to …

Fas-mediated apoptosis contributes to physiological and pathological cellular processes,
such as differentiation and survival. In particular, the roles of Fas in immune cells are complex …

Regulatory T (T reg) cells play key roles in various immune responses. For example, T reg
cells contribute to the complex pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which …

The thymic medulla provides a microenvironment where medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs)
express autoimmune regulator and diverse tissue-restricted genes, contributing to …

How self-peptides displayed in the thymus contribute to the development of immunocompetent
and self-protective T cells is largely unknown. In contrast, the role of thymic self-peptides …

Targeted blockade of the checkpoint molecule programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) can activate
tumor-specific T cells to destroy tumors, whereas targeted potentiation of PD-1 is expected …

Allergic contact hypersensitivity to metals is a delayed-type allergy. Although various metals
are known to produce an allergic reaction, nickel is the most frequent cause of metal allergy. …

Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene mutation is responsible for the development of organ-specific
autoimmune disease with monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Although Aire …

Dendritic cells (DCs) in the thymus (tDCs) are predominantly accumulated in the medulla
and contribute to the establishment of self-tolerance. However, how the medullary …

Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a potent inhibitory co-receptor; yet, its functional
ligand remains elusive, with distinct potential ligands identified. Here, we investigated the …