Microculture tetrazolium assays (MTAs) are being widely applied to probe the relationships
between cell survival, growth, and differentiation and also to investigate associations …

Octopus, squid and cuttlefish are renowned for rapid adaptive coloration that is used for a
wide range of communication and camouflage. Structural coloration plays a key role in …

Ultraviolet‐A radiation (320–400 nm) is scattered rapidly in water. Despite this fact, UV is
present in biologically useful amounts to at least 100 m deep in clear aquatic environments. …

There is a growing body of data on avian eyes, including measurements of visual pigment
and oil droplet spectral absorption, and of receptor densities and their distributions across the …

… -like process known as Raman scattering, where a small fraction of the -nm photons
are converted into photons of lower energies and thus longer wavelengths (Marshall and Smith…

Assessment of the extent of coral bleaching has become an important part of studies that
aim to understand the condition of coral reefs. In this study a reference card that uses …

Microculture tetrazolium assays are being widely exploited to investigate the mechanisms of
both cell activation and cell damage. They are colorimetric assays which are based upon …

… Marshall 2001). Hence, what may appear conspicuous to a human observer may not be
conspicuous to a potential predator, and vice versa. In contrast to recent studies of sexual …

Primate motor cortex projects to spinal interneurons and motoneurons, suggesting that motor
cortex activity may be dominated by muscle-like commands. Observations during reaching …

Bright coloration and complex visual displays are frequent and well described in many
lizard families. Reflectance spectrometry which extends into the ultraviolet (UV) allows …