Background Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has a pathogenic role in juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of adalimumab, a fully human monoclonal anti-TNF …

Background Some children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis either do not respond, or are
intolerant to, treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, including anti-tumour …

Background We compared the safety and efficacy of leflunomide with that of methotrexate in
the treatment of polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in a multinational, randomized, …

Objective To formulate consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for induction therapy of newly
diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). …

Background As an acute febrile and inflammatory disease, Kawasaki disease (KD) could
develop Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS) sometimes. However its pathogenesis …

Objective To uniquely classify children with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), to describe their
demographic characteristics, presenting clinical features, and initial treatments in …

Objective To evaluate risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in a population of patients
with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods In a prospective multicenter study…

Objective Autoantibodies recognizing 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR)
are associated with statin exposure, the HLA allele DRB1*11:01, and necrotizing …

Sir, The recent article by Ladislau et al. on the pathogenicity of type I interferon (IFN) and the
effect of type I IFN pathway blockade in vitro was received with great interest. Increasing …

Objective Noninvasive estimation of the degree of inflammation seen on kidney biopsy with
lupus nephritis (LN) remains difficult. The objective of this study was to develop a Renal …