This paper presents the overview of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and their
energy, land use, and emissions implications. The SSPs are part of a new scenario …

This paper summarizes the development process and main characteristics of the Representative
Concentration Pathways (RCPs), a set of four new pathways developed for the climate …

Advances in the science and observation of climate change are providing a clearer understanding
of the inherent variability of Earth’s climate system and its likely response to human …

… G — J is maximum in G — J if and only if Mi together with any maximum matching Mj of J is
… be joined to vertices not in J" which admit an extension of J", not possible for J" jB = J' C G', to …

BACKGROUND Net emissions of CO 2 by human activities—including not only energy
services and industrial production but also land use and agriculture—must approach zero in …

This paper presents new algorithms for the maximum flow problem, the Hitchcock transportation
problem, and the general minimum-cost flow problem. Upper bounds on the numbers of …

… Thus, it can be determined whether or not J ∈ F ∗ by obtaining an M-basis of E − J and …
only if the j’s of the members of J are distinct. Let M2 = (EI,F2) be the matroid such that J ⊆ EI is a …

To have a >50% chance of limiting warming below 2 C, most recent scenarios from
integrated assessment models (IAMs) require large-scale deployment of negative emissions …

… PROOF: For each edge e = eO with endpoints VI a nd V2 in G = Go, Je t ei with endpoints
v{ and v~ be the corresponding edge in Gi, where j is such that either j = n or else ej has both …

Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 is a scenario that stabilizes radiative
forcing at 4.5 W m −2 in the year 2100 without ever exceeding that value. Simulated with the …