Adalimumab is a fully humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-a. We
describe 2 patients (17 and 13 years of age) with refractory, steroid-dependent, recurrent …

The long-term treatment with interferon beta-1b of a 7-year-old male with relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis is documented. Thirty-two months after initiating treatment, he …

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Current clinical guidelines do not consider patients with
rheumatic conditions to be at high risk for celiac disease (CD) despite numerous reported …

Methods A convenience sample of patients with JIA (N= 44) was recruited from a single
center. Patients and parents completed pediatric and parent proxy PROMIS CATs. Disease …

Background/Purpose: Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitors are effective in the
treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), but may increase infection rates due to …

… in an adaptive immune response with the production of autoreactive T cells, B cells, and
autoantibodies. In the case of ACPA-… Dr Adams has no relevant financial interests to disclose. …

Purpose Damage in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects ocular, musculoskeletal,
neuropsychiatric, renal, cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, and skin domains and …

Chinese translation Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, painful skin
disease characterized by abscesses, nodules, and draining fistulas in the axilla and groin of …

The DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the most toxic form of DNA damage. Studies aimed
at characterizing DNA repair during development suggest that homologous recombination …