The immune system defends against pathogens and maintains tissue homeostasis for the life
of the organism. These diverse functions are bioenergetically expensive, requiring precise …

Background Depression is associated with high rates of relapse and recurrence during a
patient's lifetime. Current guidelines regarding treatment recommend 4 to 9 months of …

The escalating epidemic of obesity has driven the prevalence of both type 1 and 2 diabetes
mellitus to historically high levels. Chronic low-grade inflammation, which is present in both …

Macrophages, the most plastic cells of the haematopoietic system, are found in all tissues
and show great functional diversity. They have roles in development, homeostasis, tissue …

Complex interplay between T helper (Th) cells and macrophages contributes to the formation
and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. While Th1 cytokines promote inflammatory …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is highly expressed in lipid-accumulating
macrophages of the coronary artery. In light of this, the wide-spread clinical use of …

Eosinophils are specialized myeloid cells associated with allergy and helminth infections.
Blood eosinophils demonstrate circadian cycling, as described over 80 years ago 1 , and are …

Eosinophils in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) have been implicated in metabolic homeostasis
and the maintenance of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs). The absence of …

Macrophage infiltration and activation in metabolic tissues underlie obesity-induced insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes. While inflammatory activation of resident hepatic …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tuberculosis of the calvaria is a rare entity, and only anecdotal
reports describing its imaging features have been previously published in the literature. …