The objective of this work was to study patients' self-appraisal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) 6 and 12 months postoperatively, and to establish which factors determine dissatisfaction from surgery. The study group consisted of 79 patients subjected to TKA who underwent rehabilitation in a specialized institution from which they were discharged home after becoming independently ambulatory and capable of independent home care. Data were collected by interviews and physical examinations which were conducted upon admission to the rehabilitation program and at the patients' homes 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied for data analysis. Results of the 1-year follow-up indicated a decrease in the prevalence of pain in the postoperated knee and improvement in ambulatory capacities. The frequency of reliance on a walking aid and the prevalence of pain in the nonoperated knee were not substantially changed, however. In 27% of the subjects pain in the nonoperated knee had worsened at 1 year. One third of the respondents expressed dissatisfaction from the operation. Outcomes of the logistic regression analysis pointed to pain in both the ipsi- and contralateral knee and to the limitations in using stairs as the variables which significantly affected the levels of dissatisfaction 1 year postoperatively. Dissatisfaction could have resulted from inappropriate expectations from either misinterpretations or limited prior knowledge of the likely results of the operation.