Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED [MIM 131300]), or progressive diaphyseal dysplasia, is an autosomal dominant sclerosing bone dysplasia characterized by progressive bone formation along the periosteal and endosteal surfaces at the diaphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bones and cranial hyperostosis, particularly at the skull base. The gene for CED, or its chromosomal localization, has not yet been identified. We performed a genomewide linkage analysis of two unrelated Japanese families with CED, in which a total of 27 members were available for this study; 16 of them were affected with the disease. Two-point linkage analysis revealed a maximum LOD score of 7.41 (recombination fraction.00; penetrance 1.00) for the D19S918 microsatellite marker locus. Haplotype analysis revealed that all the affected individuals shared a common haplotype observed, in each family, between D19S881 and D19S606, at chromosome 19q13.1-q13.3. These findings, together with a genetic distance among the marker loci, indicate that the CED locus can be assigned to a 15.1-cM segment between D19S881 and D19S606.