Reproductive endocrinology
Antiphospholipid antibodies associated with recurrent pregnancy loss: Prospective, multicenter, controlled pilot study comparing treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin

Presented in abstract form at the 59th Meeting of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, October 23–27, 2003.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.11.002Get rights and content
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Objective

To evaluate the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in combination with low-dose aspirin (LDA) for the treatment of antiphospholipid antibody (APA)-associated recurrent pregnancy loss and to compare the results with the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH) plus LDA.

Design

Prospective, controlled, multicenter pilot study.

Setting

Two academically based reproductive health centers.

Patient(s)

Patients with three or more pregnancy losses and positive APA.

Intervention(s)

Patients were treated with LMWH and LDA (n = 25) or UFH and LDA (n = 25).

Main outcome measure(s)

Fetal outcome and maternal complications from treatments were compared between the two treatment groups.

Result(s)

Of the 25 patients in the LMWH group, 21 (84%) delivered a viable infant and 4 (16%) miscarried. Of the 25 patients in the UFH group, 20 (80%) delivered a viable infant and 5 (20%) miscarried. These differences were not statistically significant. No major bleeding episodes occurred during pregnancy or at the time of delivery. No cases of deep venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, or bone fractures were noted in either of the two groups.

Conclusion(s)

In this pilot study, the use of LDA in combination with LMWH during pregnancy for the prevention of recurrent pregnancy loss in women with antiphospholipid syndrome seems to be as safe as UFH plus LDA. Large, randomized trials will be required to determine differences in outcome with LMWH and LDA compared with treatment with UFH combined with LDA in this group of patients.

Key words

Enoxaparin
recurrent pregnancy loss
antiphospholipid antibodies
low-molecular-weight heparin
unfractionated heparin

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