Results from multivariable linear regression analyses. Association between comorbidities and patient-reported outcomes in the random sample (n = 2535).
| Variables | Estimates (p value) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SJC (0–48) | TJC (0–50) | WHO-5 | FFbH | |
| Model A: association between no. comorbidities and outcomes | ||||
| Comorbidities, per unit | 0.37 (0.0023) | 0.65 (< 0.0001) | −1.87 (< 0.0001) | −2.30 (< 0.0001) |
| BMI, per 5 units | 0.44 (0.1294) | 0.45 (0.1701) | −1.43 (0.0260) | −2.91 (< 0.0001) |
| Age, per 5 yrs | 0.16 (0.1914) | −0.02 (0.8780) | 1.46 (< 0.0001) | −0.63 (0.0161) |
| Seronegative RA | −0.12 (0.7998) | 0.26 (0.6400) | −0.51 (0.6600) | 1.93 (0.0679) |
| Female sex | 1.56 (0.0050) | 1.32 (0.0265) | −3.9 (0.0011) | −7.34 (< 0.0001) |
| Smoking | 1.06 (0.2346) | 0.8 (0.4333) | −6.54 (0.0002) | −2.44 (0.1055) |
| Model B: association between specific comorbidities and outcomes | ||||
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 0.25 (0.7626) | 0.56 (0.5472) | 0.04 (0.9843) | −1.12 (0.5332) |
| Coronary heart disease | −0.01 (0.9874) | 0.49 (0.6563) | −2.98 (0.1720) | −0.67 (0.7355) |
| Hypertension | −0.23 (0.7531) | −0.04 (0.9632) | −3.14 (0.0392) | −2.06 (0.1493) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.05 (0.0982) | 1.20 (0.0941) | −0.68 (0.6328) | −0.56 (0.6673) |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.39 (0.6062) | −0.13 (0.8733) | −0.70 (0.6779) | −1.80 (0.2536) |
| Diabetes | 1.25 (0.1509) | 1.25 (0.1818) | −2.57 (0.1594) | −3.01 (0.0682) |
| Osteoporosis | 0.33 (0.6352) | 1.56 (0.0523) | −0.04 (0.9808) | −5.97 (< 0.0001) |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.27 (0.0292) | 1.43 (0.0350) | −2.44 (0.0723) | −4.51 (0.0002) |
| Depression | 1.11 (0.0917) | 2.66 (0.0002) | −12.96 (< 0.0001) | −7.24 (< 0.0001) |
| BMI, per 5 units | 0.51 (0.0951) | 0.63 (0.0618) | −1.45 (0.0286) | −3.48 (< 0.0001) |
| Age, per 5 yrs | 0.18 (0.1520) | 0.00 (0.9819) | 1.08 (0.0004) | −0.97 (0.0005) |
| Seronegative RA | 0.02 (0.9693) | 0.25 (0.6690) | 0.3 (0.7904) | 1.86 (0.0793) |
| Female sex | 1.37 (0.0126) | 0.72 (0.2805) | −2.61 (0.0403) | −5.08 (< 0.0001) |
| Smoking | 1.13 (0.2216) | 0.71 (0.4643) | −5.63 (0.0005) | −2.37 (0.1093) |
Values in bold face show statistically significant influence. Only comorbidities with prevalence above 15% were included in the second model. Although obesity had a prevalence above 15%, this comorbidity was not included because of the selection of BMI. SJC: swollen joint count; TJC: tender joint count; WHO-5: World Health Organization 5-item Well-being Index; FFbH: Hannover Functional Ability Questionnaire; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; BMI: body mass index.