Table 4.

Multivariable logistic regression models for association of preconceptional CV health and pregnancy outcomes in SLE in the Hopkins Lupus Pregnancy Cohort (n = 309 pregnancies).

CV Health	Preterm Birth		SGA
CV Health	OR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
BMI^*
Ideal health (low/normal BMI), n = 163	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Intermediate health (overweight), n = 69	1.39 (0.82–2.36)	1.38 (0.70–2.71) ^§	0.35 (0.15–0.82)	0.26 (0.11–0.63) ^§
Poor health (obese), n = 59	0.56 (0.28–1.13)	0.50 (0.21–1.18) ^§	0.95 (0.44–2.05)	0.92 (0.42–2.05) ^§
Total cholesterol ^†
Ideal health, n = 235	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Intermediate/poor health, n = 40	2.27 (1.15–4.46)	2.21 (1.06–4.62) ^§	0.57 (0.21–1.54)	0.41 (0.14–1.26) ^§
		1.91 (0.96–3.79) ^‖		0.58 (0.21–1.61) ^‖
		1.93 (0.92–4.04) ^¶		0.44 (0.14–1.38) ^¶
BP ^‡
Ideal health, n = 158	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Intermediate/poor health, n = 151	1.32 (0.82–2.12)	1.10 (0.67–1.79) ^#	0.68 (0.39–1.20)	0.60 (0.33–1.10) ^#
Continuous variables
BMI, kg/m² ( n = 291)	0.97 (0.93–1.01)	0.95 (0.91–1.00) ^§	0.99 (0.94–1.04)	0.98 (0.93–1.04) ^§
Total cholesterol, 10 mg/dl (n = 275)	1.11 (1.03–1.19)	1.10 (1.01–1.19) ^§	0.91 (0.82–1.02)	0.90 (0.80–1.01) ^§
		1.08 (1.01–1.16) ^‖		0.92 (0.82–1.02) ^‖
		1.09 (1.00–1.18) ^¶		0.90 (0.80–1.01) ^¶
Systolic BP, 10 mmHg (n = 309)	1.15 (0.99–1.34)	1.08 (0.92–1.28) ^#	0.88 (0.73–1.06)	0.85 (0.70–1.04) ^#
Diastolic BP, 10 mmHg (n = 309)	1.25 (0.99–1.58)	1.18 (0.93–1.50) ^#	0.79 (0.59–1.06)	0.75 (0.56–1.02) ^#

↵* BMI: poor health ≥ 30 kg/m²; intermediate health 25–29.9 kg/m²; ideal health < 25 kg/m².
↵† Total cholesterol: poor health ≥ 240 mg/dl; intermediate health 200–239 mg/dl or treated to goal; ideal health < 200 mg/dl.
↵‡ BP: poor health (systolic ≥140 or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg); intermediate health (systolic 120–139 or diastolic 80–89 mmHg or treated to goal); ideal health < 120/< 80 mmHg.
↵§ Adjusted for race (black vs nonblack) and prednisone use ever during pregnancy.
↵‖ Adjusted for race (black vs nonblack) and antimalarial use ever during pregnancy.
↵¶ Adjusted for race (black vs nonblack), prednisone use ever during pregnancy, and antimalarial use ever during pregnancy.
↵# Adjusted for race (black vs nonblack) and renal involvement during pregnancy (Renal LAI ≥ 1). SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SGA: small for gestational age; AOR: adjusted OR; BMI: body mass index; LAI: Lupus Activity Index; CV: cardiovascular; BP: blood pressure.