Table 1.

Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of clinical tests for knee osteoarthritis.

Clinical Evaluation		Interobserver Reliability				Intraobserver Reliability
Clinical Evaluation	Outcome Category	Prevalence^{^}	K Values	95% CI	% Raw Agreement	Prevalence^{^}	Κ Values	95% CI	% Raw Agreement
Bony enlargement	Present vs absent/unsure	0.22	0.66	0.32–1.00	88.0	0.37	0.98	0.93–1.00	98.9
Quadriceps wasting	Present vs absent/possible	0.24	0.78	0.40–1.00	84.0	0.62	0.83	0.72–0.95	90.9
Knee joint crepitus	Present palpable/audible vs absent/unsure	0.90	0.78	0.36–1.00	96.0	0.91	0.78	0.55–1.00	96.6
Medial tibiofemoral joint tenderness	Present vs absent	0.54	0.76	0.50–1.00	88.0	0.48	0.64	0.49–0.80	81.8
Lateral tibiofemoral joint tenderness	Present vs absent	0.28	1.00	1.00–1.00	100.0	0.22	0.60	0.39–0.80	86.4
Patellofemoral joint tenderness	Present vs absent	0.30	0.53	0.16–0.89	80.0	0.36	0.66	0.60–0.92	84.1
Anserine tenderness	Present vs absent	0.26	0.48	0.09–0.87	80.0	0.22	0.73	0.61–0.99	90.9
Effusion: bulge sign	5-point Likert scale	0.96	0.78^*	0.55–1.00	80.0	0.64	0.83^*	0.73–0.94	85.2
Effusion: ballottement test^**	Present with/without click vs absent	0.66	0.73	0.45–1.00	88.0	0.18	0.77	0.60–0.95	93.2

↵^ Prevalence calculated as the average of positive findings between the 2 rated scores.
↵* Weighted κ.
↵** Ballottement test defined as positive click/tap or downward movement of the patella on pressure and rebounding of patella upon removal of pressure.