Predictors of cerebrovascular disease, CVD, or both in non-GCA and GCA cohorts in 6 independent analyses. Multivariable competing risk model (imputed) inclusive of all listed covariates and adjusted for covariate interaction (HTN and antihypertensives, HTN and lipid-lowering medications, HTN and hyperlipidemia). Significant interactions p < 0.05 are cerebrovascular disease non-GCA: HTN and antihypertensives, HTN and hyperlipidemia; CVD non-GCA: HTN and antihypertensives; CVD GCA: HTN and antihypertensives; cerebrovascular disease or CVD non-GCA: HTN and antihypertensives, HTN and hyperlipidemia; cerebrovascular disease or CVD GCA: HTN and antihypertensives. Values are SHR (95% CI).
| Characteristics | Cerebrovascular Disease | CVD | Cerebrovascular Disease or CVD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-GCA, n = 37,090 | GCA, n = 5827 | Non-GCA, n = 37,090 | GCA, n = 5827 | Non-GCA, n = 37,090 | GCA, n = 5827 | |
| Age categories, yrs | ||||||
| Less than 65 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 65 to less than 70 | 1.81 (1.51–2.16)*** | 1.96 (1.40–2.75)*** | 1.75 (1.55–1.98)*** | 1.34 (1.04–1.73)* | 1.76 (1.58–1.95)*** | 1.61 (1.31–1.99)*** |
| 70 to less than 75 | 2.89 (2.47–3.37)*** | 2.22 (1.63–3.02)*** | 1.82 (1.62–2.05)*** | 1.44 (1.14–1.82)** | 2.18 (1.98–2.40)*** | 1.74 (1.43–2.10)*** |
| 75 to less than 80 | 3.50 (2.99–4.09)*** | 2.57 (1.88–3.53)*** | 1.96 (1.74–2.21)*** | 1.57 (1.23–1.99)*** | 2.47 (2.24–2.72)*** | 1.82 (1.49–2.23)*** |
| 80 and above | 4.18 (3.58–4.86)*** | 3.20 (2.36–4.35)*** | 1.58 (1.40–1.79)*** | 1.44 (1.12–1.84)** | 2.45 (2.23–2.70)*** | 1.98 (1.62–2.42)*** |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 1.09 (0.98–1.20) | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | 1.52 (1.40–1.64)*** | 1.32 (1.12–1.56)** | 1.34 (1.25–1.43)*** | 1.20 (1.05–1.38)** |
| BMI categories | ||||||
| Underweight | 0.95 (0.74–1.21) | 1.09 (0.54–2.20) | 0.95 (0.68–1.31) | 1.16 (0.66–2.07) | 0.95 (0.77–1.18) | 1.17 (0.78, 1.77) |
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Pre-obese | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | 1.19 (0.94–1.50) | 1.07 (0.98–1.18) | 1.10 (0.90–1.35) | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 1.10 (0.93–1.30) |
| Obese classes 1 & 2 | 1.13 (0.98–1.31) | 0.98 (0.72–1.35) | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | 1.34 (1.06–1.70)* | 1.11 (1.00–1.22)* | 1.20 (0.99–1.46) |
| Obese class 3 | 0.99 (0.62–1.58) | 1.24 (0.53–2.89) | 0.97 (0.68–1.38) | 1.57 (0.89–2.78) | 1.02 (0.76–1.36) | 1.51 (0.94–2.43) |
| Smoking | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Ex | 1.05 (0.93–1.18) | 0.98 (0.78–1.24) | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) | 1.06 (0.87–1.29) | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 1.01 (0.86–1.19) |
| Yes | 1.20 (1.04–1.39)* | 1.25 (0.96–1.64) | 1.15 (1.03–1.27)* | 1.08 (0.85–1.36) | 1.18 (1.08–1.29)*** | 1.13 (0.95–1.34) |
| Alcohol | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Ex | 0.97 (0.76–1.23) | 1.21 (0.77–1.89) | 0.86 (0.69–1.06) | 0.88 (0.60–1.28) | 0.88 (0.74–1.04) | 1.02 (0.77–1.34) |
| Yes | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.87 (0.65–1.16) | 0.93 (0.83–1.03) | 0.87 (0.71–1.06) | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) | 0.87 (0.73–1.03) |
| IMD quintiles | ||||||
| Quintile 1, least deprived | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Quintile 2 | 0.96 (0.82–1.13) | 0.97 (0.66–1.43) | 1.10 (0.97–1.25) | 1.00 (0.76–1.32) | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 1.01 (0.81–1.27) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.05 (0.88–1.26) | 1.15 (0.80–1.63) | 1.09 (0.94–1.26) | 1.10 (0.81–1.50) | 1.11 (0.98–1.26) | 1.13 (0.90–1.42) |
| Quintile 4 | 1.10 (0.92–1.33) | 0.98 (0.66–1.47) | 1.25 (1.09–1.44)** | 1.22 (0.89–1.66) | 1.22 (1.10–1.36)*** | 1.16 (0.91–1.47) |
| Quintile 5, most deprived | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 1.31 (0.91–1.90) | 1.32 (1.12–1.55)** | 1.24 (0.86–1.79) | 1.21 (1.08–1.37)** | 1.34 (1.01–1.78)* |
| Previous history of hyperlipidemia | 0.84 (0.62–1.13) | 1.40 (0.90–2.17) | 1.28 (1.06–1.54)** | 1.08 (0.74–1.58) | 1.12 (0.95–1.32) | 1.17 (0.85–1.59) |
| Previous history of hypertension | 1.53 (1.29–1.80)*** | 0.74 (0.49–1.12) | 1.84 (1.59–2.13)*** | 1.53 (1.14–2.05)** | 1.78 (1.59–1.99)*** | 1.15 (0.90–1.48) |
| Previous prescription of antihypertensives | 0.70 (0.58–0.84)*** | 1.31 (0.84–2.05) | 0.75 (0.64–0.88)*** | 0.77 (0.56–1.06) | 0.69 (0.61–0.79)*** | 0.97 (0.74–1.27) |
| Previous history of diabetes or diabetic medications | 1.28 (1.10–1.50)** | 1.29 (0.94–1.78) | 1.14 (1.00–1.30)* | 1.12 (0.86–1.45) | 1.22 (1.10–1.36)*** | 1.19 (0.96–1.47) |
| Previous prescription of lipid-lowering medications | 0.76 (0.63–0.93)** | 0.87 (0.61–1.24) | 1.14 (1.00–1.31)* | 1.20 (0.92–1.58) | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) |