Instruments measuring pain, physical function, or patient’s global assessment applied in the included studies.
| Studies | Domains | Specifications | No. Studies Applied |
|---|---|---|---|
| Questionnaires | |||
| AIMS-216 | Physical function | 78 items, rated on 5-point scale. Transformed into 12 scales, score range 0–10 (worst possible). 1 scale for hand/finger function. | 5 |
| ASES86 | Pain, physical function | 20 items, scored 10 (very uncertain) to 100 (very certain can do). 3 subscales: pain/function /other symptoms, scored by taking mean of subscale items (range 10–100). | 2 |
| AUSCAN14 | Pain, physical function, global assessment | 15 items, Likert (0 = none to 4 = extreme)/VAS version. Summed into 3 subscales: pain (Likert range 0–20/VAS range 0–100), stiffness (0–4/0–100), function (0–36/0–100). | 34 |
| Cochin scale87 | Physical function | 18 items, rated on Likert scale (0 = without difficulty to 5 = impossible). Summed to final score, range 0–90. | 4 |
| COPM88 | Physical function | Interview on most important activities. 5 most important activities scored for performance/satisfaction (1–10). Subscale scores range 0 (not able to do/satisfied) to 10 (extremely able to do/satisfied). | 3 |
| FIHOA13 | Physical function | 10 items, range 0 (no difficulty) to 3 (impossible). Total score range 0–30. Original, VAS, Likert version. | 15 |
| HAQ17 | Physical function | 20 items. Total score range 0 to 3 (higher score indicates poorer functioning). | 12 |
| MAP-hand89 | Physical function | 18 items, range 0 (no difficulty) to 4 (not able to do). Total mean score calculated. | 1 |
| MHQ15 | Pain, physical function | 37 items, rated on 5-point Likert (1 = very good to 5 = very poor). Scores normalized to 0–100 scale. | 1 |
| OMFAQ90 | Physical function | 5 domains of functioning, scored 1 (excellent) to 6 (total impaired). Total score range 5–30. Physical/instrumental ADL scale. | 1 |
| PRWHE91 | Physical function | 15 item scale, rated on 0–10 NRS. Summed to subscales: pain (0–50), disability (0–60). | 1 |
| Revel functional index92 | Physical function | 10 questions, rated 0 (without difficulty) to 2 (impossible). Total score range 0–20. | 1 |
| SACRAH93 | Pain, physical function | 23 questions, rated on VAS scale. 3 domains: functional status, stiffness, pain. Original, short-form, modified version. | 4 |
| VAS94/NRS/Likert | Pain, physical function, global assessment | Used for assessment of pain, patient’s global assessment, functioning, perceived strength, etc. | 43 |
| Performance- or assessor-based instruments | |||
| AHFT18 | Physical function | 11-item test, 4 subscales: grip/pinch strength, dexterity, applied dexterity, applied strength. Score per subscale. | 2 |
| Button Test95 | Physical function | Unbutton and button 5 buttons using a standard board. Score recorded in seconds. | 1 |
| Dexterity | Physical function | Assessed using dexterity/Purdue Pegboard. | 2 |
| GAT96 | Physical function | Modification of Grip Function Test. 3 items, timed (sec) and summed to total GAT score. GAT score < 20 s = normal. | 4 |
| Grip strength | Physical function | Measured in mmHg or in kg. | 35 |
| HAMIS97 | Physical function | 9 items rated 0 (no problems performing the motion) to 3 (unable). Total score range 0–27. | 1 |
| HFI98 | Physical function | 9 wrist/hand items from Keitel Function Test, measuring motion patterns. Items ranged 0 (no difficulties) to 3 (much difficulty). Total score 0–52 (0–26 for each upper extremity). | 1 |
| JTHFT99 | Physical function | 7 items, timed in seconds. Summed to total score. | 1 |
| MPUT100 | Physical function | Picking up 10 items and placing in container, timed in seconds. | 3 |
| Pinch strength | Physical function | Measured in mmHg or in kg. | 17 |
| Tenderness/pain on palpation, Doyle101/Ritchie articular index102 | Pain | Tenderness on palpation. Score range Doyle total 0–144, Doyle hand 0–72. Score range Ritchie articular index 0–60. | 21 |
AIMS-2: Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale-2; ASES: Arthritis Self Efficacy Scale; OA: osteoarthritis; AUSCAN: Australian/Canadian Hand OA Index; COPM: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; FIHOA: Functional Index for Hand OA; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; MAP-hand: Measure of Activity Performance; MHQ: Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire; OMFAQ: Older Americans’ Resources and Services Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire; PRWHE: Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation; SACRAH: Score for Assessment and Quantification of Chronic Rheumatoid Affections of the Hands; VAS: visual analog scale; NRS: numeric rating scale; AHFT: Arthritis Hand Function Test; GAT: grip ability test; HAMIS: Hand Mobility in Scleroderma Test; HFI: hand functional index; JTHFT: Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test; MPUT: Moberg Pick-Up Test.