Year | First Author and Reference | Study Design/Protocol | Intervention | Sample Size | PMR Definition / Stage of Disease | Followup |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Randomized clinical trials | ||||||
1987 | Lund12 | RCT, double blind, crossover (after a single blind parallel 3 arms) | Deflazacort vs prednisone, weight ratios of 1:1.2, 1:1.5, and 1:1.8 | 41 | Bird / maintenance phase | 12 wks |
1995 | Littman13 | RCT, multicenter, placebo controlled | Tenidap 120 mg/day + PDN 10 mg/day vs placebo + PDN 10 mg/Day | 32 | Study definition/stable disease | 15 wks |
1995 | Krogsgaard14 | RCT, double blind, controlled | Deflazacort vs prednisolone | 30 | Bird / new diagnoses | 12 mos |
1995 | Di Munno15 | RCT, double blind, crossover | Deflazacort vs methylprednisone | 29 | Study definition / new diagnoses | 12 wks |
1996 | Krogsgaard16 | RCT, double blind, controlled | Deflazacort vs prednisolone | 30 | Bird / new diagnoses | 12 mos |
1996 | Ferraccioli17 | RCT, open | Prednisone 15 mg vs prednisone 25 mg + MTX 10 mg/wk | 24 | Study definition / new diagnoses | 12 mos |
1998 | Dasgupta18 | RCT, double blind, multicenter | Methylprednisone depot vs prednisolone po | 60 | Study definition / new diagnoses | 96 wks |
2000 | Salvarani19 | RCT, double blind placebo controlled | Shoulder injection of 40 mg of methylprednisone | 20 | Healey / new diagnoses | 7 mos |
2004 | Caporalli20 | RCT, multicenter, double blind, placebo controlled | MTX 10 mg/wk + GC vs placebo + GC | 72 | Chuang / new diagnoses | 18 mos |
2007 | Salvarani21 | RCT, multicenter, double blind, placebo controlled | Infliximab 3 mg/kg vs placebo | 51 | Healey / new diagnoses | 52 wks |
2010 | Kreiner22 | RCT, double blind, placebo controlled | Etanercept 25 mg 2/wk vs placebo | 20 | Chuang / New diagnoses | 2 wks |
2011 | Björman23 | RCT, crossover, double blind | Casein vs protein-enriched dairy product | 60 | Rheumatologist definition* | 20 wks |
Non-randomized clinical trials | ||||||
2003 | Salvarani24 | Open, pilot, uncontrolled study | Infliximab + prednisone | 4 | Healey / longstanding disease | 49 wks |
2007 | Catanoso25 | Clinical trial, open, uncontrolled | Etanercept 25 mg twice/wk, 24 wk | 6 | Healey / relapsing/longstanding | 36 wks |
2011 | Cimmino26 | Clinical trial not randomized, uncontrolled | Prednisone 12.5 mg/id | 60 | Bird / new diagnoses | 6 mos |
Observational studies | ||||||
1999 | Weyand27 | Prospective observational study | NA | 30 | Study definition / new diagnoses | 12–33 mos |
2000 | Cantini28 | Prospective observational study | NA | 177 | Healey / new diagnoses | 5 yrs |
2003 | Myklebust29 | Prospective observational study; gender-age matched controls | NA | 65 | Bird or Harlim / any stage | 1987–1997 |
2005 | Salvarani30 | Prospective observational study | NA | 94 | Healey / new diagnoses | 24 mos |
2006 | Boiardi31 | Prospective observational study | NA | 112 | Healey / new diagnoses | 24 mos |
2007 | Kremers32 | Prospective observational study | NA | 364 | Chuand and Hunder / new diagnoses | 1970–2004 |
2007 | Leeb33 | Prospective observational study | NA | 39 | Bird | 18 mos |
2007 | Hutchings34 | Prospective observational, multicenter study | NA | 129 | Hazelman / new diagnoses | 12 mos |
2008 | Binard35 | Prospective observational study | NA | 89 | Rheumatologist definition* | Not defined |
2008 | Cimmino36 | Longterm followup of RCT20 | MTX 10 mg/wk | 57 | Chuang / new diagnoses | 5 yrs |
2008 | Pulsatelli37 | Prospective observational study | NA | 93 | Healey / new diagnoses | 24 mos |
2009 | Macchioni38 | Prospective observational study | NA | 57 | Healy / new diagnoses | 41 mos |
2010 | Calvo39 | Case Cohort study | NA | 20 | ACR criteria (Chuang and Healey) / new diagnoses | 12 mos |
2010 | Jiménez-Palop40 | Prospective observational, multicenter study | NA | 59 | Study definition / new diagnoses | 12 wks |
2011 | Kang41 | Prospective observational study | NA | 781 | Rheumatologist definition* / new onset cases | 3 yrs |
2012 | Mazzantini42 | Retrospective observational study | NA | 222 | Bird / longstanding disease | Not defined |
2012 | Cleuziou43 | Prospective observational study | NA | 89 | Rheumatologist definition* | Not defined |
2012 | Matteson44 | Prospective observational study | NA | 85 | ACR/EULAR / new diagnoses | 6 mos |
2013 | McCarthy45 | Prospective observational study | NA | 60 | Jones & Hazleman / new diagnoses | 6 wks |
2014 | McCarthy46 | Prospective observational study | NA | 60 | Jones & Hazleman / new diagnoses | 6 wks |
↵* Autonomous clinical diagnoses by attending rheumatologist. PMR: polymyalgia rheumatica; RCT: randomized clinical trials; ACR: American College of Rheumatology; EULAR: European League Against Rheumatism; PDN: prednisolone; MTX: methotrexate; GC: glucocorticoid; NA: not applicable.