Demographics and disease characteristics. Quantitative data are presented as mean (SD) or median (IQR).
| Characteristic | n = 80 |
|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 38.1 (9.1) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 40 (50.0) |
| Disease duration, yrs | |
| Symptoms | 9.4 (4.6–15.5) |
| Diagnosis | 1.6 (0.3–9.1) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |
| Current smoker | 32 (40.5) |
| Ex-smoker | 17 (21.5) |
| Non-smoker | 30 (38.0) |
| Current medication, n (%) | |
| Methotrexate | 4 (5.0) |
| Sulfasalazine | 10 (12.5) |
| Corticosteroids | 3 (3.8) |
| NSAID | 70 (87.5) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |
| 1 | 7 (8.8) |
| 2 | 4 (5.0) |
| 3 | 1 (1.3) |
| Systemic features, n (%) | |
| Anterior uveitis | 7 (8.8) |
| Psoriasis | 9 (11.3) |
| Peripheral joint involvement | 12 (15.0) |
| Hip involvement | 8 (10.0) |
| Shoulder involvement | 6 (7.5) |
| GI involvement: IBD | 2 (2.5) |
| GI involvement: other | 1 (1.3) |
| AS-related surgery, n (%) | |
| Unilateral hip replacement | 1 (1.3) |
| Unilateral total shoulder replacement | 1 (1.3) |
| Wrist/hand/ankle/foot surgery | 1 (1.3) |
| Spinal surgery | 2 (2.5) |
| ESR, mm/h | 15.5 (8–26) |
| CRP, mg/l | 8.4 (3.5–19.3) |
| PGA | 7 (5–8) |
| BASMI | 2.8 (1.4) |
| BASFI | 5.1 (2.0) |
| BASDAI | 6.0 (1.7) |
| ASDAS-CRP | 3.6 (0.8) |
| ASDAS-ESR | 3.3 (0.8) |
| BAS-G | 6.9 (1.5) |
| WPAI, % | |
| Absenteeism | 0 (0–57.9)* |
| Impairment, presenteeism | 49.1 (22.9) |
| Work productivity loss | 53.1 (25.7) |
| Activity impairment | 70 (50–80) |
| Patients with sick leave, % | 29 (43.3) |
| Length of sick leave in the 7 last days, hours | 0 (0–30) |
* Mean (SD) absenteeism (%): 30.2 (40.6). IQR: interquartile range; NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; GI: gastrointestinal; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; PGA: physician global assessment; BASMI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index; BASFI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index; BASDAI: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index; ASDAS: Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score; BAS-G: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Global Score; WPAI: Work Productivity Activity Index.