Variables associated with pneumonia with p < 0.2 in bivariate analysis.
| No Pneumonia, n = 196 (%) | ≥ 1 Pneumoniaa, n = 30 (%) | OR (95% CI) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cutaneous ulcers, n (%) | 7 (4) | 6 (20) | 6.7 (2.1–21) | < 0.001 |
| Hospitalization for non-pneumonia infections, n (%) | 43 (22) | 11 (37) | 2 (0.9–4.6) | 0.087 |
| Major organ involvement, n (%) | 101 (52) | 18 (60) | 1.4 (0.6–3) | 0.18 |
| Vasculitis, n (%) | 27 (14) | 10 (33) | 3 (1.3–7.2) | 0.008 |
| SLE pneumonitis | 9 (5) | 4 (13.3) | 3.2 (0.9–11) | 0.077 |
| No. SLE criteria, mean ± SD | 5.8 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.5 | 1.1–1.8 | 0.005 |
| Weighted SDI, mean ± SD | 3.1 ± 5 | 4.2 ± 4.3 | 1.04 (0.1–1.1) | 0.044 |
| Katz Severity Index, mean ± SD | 3.4 ± 2.2 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 1.2 (1–1.4) | 0.016 |
| Katz Severity Index ≥ 3, n (%) | 100 (51) | 24 (80) | 3.8 (1.5–9.8) | 0.003 |
| Hospitalization for SLE, n (%) | 123 (63) | 29 (97) | 17 (2.4–130) | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 8 (4) | 3 (10) | 2.6 (0.6–10.3) | 0.17 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 0 | 2 (6) | — | 0.017 |
| Death from SLE, n (%) | 9 (5) | 4 (13) | 3.2 (0.9–11.1) | 0.077 |
| Immunosuppressants use at any time, n (%) | 79 (40) | 23 (60) | 2.2 (1–4.9) | 0.049 |
| Cyclophosphamide use at any time, n (%) | 57 (29) | 13 (43) | 1.9 (0.85–4) | 0.116 |
| Corticosteroids (high doses), n (%) | 47 (24) | 11 (39) | 2 (0.9–4.6) | 0.087 |
| FCGR2A HH genotype (n = 158), n (%) | 24 (16) | 10 (33.3) | 2.9 (1.09–7.68) | 0.03 |
↵a Pneumonia without immunosuppressant use at the time of the event. SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SDI: Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index.