Descriptive characteristics of PsA patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS; n = 283). Data are percent unless otherwise indicated.
| Characteristics | PsA Patients with MetS, n = 124 | PsA Patients without MetS, n = 159 | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male | 50.8 | 54 | 0.58 |
| Age, yrs ± SD | 57.8 ± 11 | 52 ± 12 | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | 0.76 | ||
| Never | 53 | 57 | |
| Former smoker | 34.7 | 32.7 | |
| Current | 12 | 10 | |
| Smoking pack-yrs, ± SD | 22.4 ± 25 | 15 ± 12 | 0.049 |
| Alcohol intake, units/week, ± SD | 8.15 ± 9 | 7.5 ± 7.3 | 0.53 |
| Education status | |||
| ≤ Primary school | 27 | 16 | 0.02 |
| Duration of PsA, yrs, ± SD | 18.7 ± 8.7 | 20 ± 9.9 | 0.20 |
| Family history of PsO | 59.7 | 65.4 | 0.32 |
| Family history of PsA | 14.5 | 18.9 | 0.33 |
| PsO age of onset, yrs ± SD | 31 ± 14 | 24 ± 13 | < 0.001 |
| PsA age of onset, yrs ± SD | 37 ± 13 | 33 ± 13 | 0.006 |
| Time from PsO to PsA development, yrs ± SD | 5.8 ± 11 | 8.4 ± 10 | 0.050 |
| Type II psoriasis | 24 | 12 | 0.007 |
| PASI* maximum, score ± SD | 6.03 ± 5.4 | 5.3 ± 5 | 0.25 |
| BSA* maximum, score ± SD | 10.8 ± 13 | 8.6 ± 8.3 | 0.09 |
| PASI* current, score ± SD | 2.2 ± 2.8 | 2.0 ± 2.6 | 0.61 |
| Nail disease | 76 | 82 | 0.22 |
| Oligoarthritis | 4.8 | 9.4 | 0.14 |
| Erosions | 46 | 42 | 0.43 |
| Sacroiliitis | 27 | 23 | 0.39 |
| Deformed joints | 70 | 60.4 | 0.08 |
| PsO requiring TNFi | 14.5 | 9 | 0.13 |
| PsA requiring TNFi | 63 | 58.5 | 0.45 |
| Osteolysis | 15.7 | 13 | 0.50 |
| Arthritis mutilans | 8 | 8 | 0.97 |
| CRP – current, mg/l ± SD | 3.37 ± 3.00 | 3.08 ± 3.33 | 0.46 |
| ESR – maximum, mm/h ± SD | 32.6 ± 26.8 | 29.5 ± 21.5 | 0.27 |
| Severe disease (radiographic PsA damage* along with PsA requiring TNFi) | 55.6 | 26.4 | < 0.001 |
| Insulin resistance | 29.3 | 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| BRAF, score ± SD | 14.8 ± 5.5 | 13.8 ± 4.8 | 0.10 |
| HAQ, score ± SD | 0.64 ± 0.5 | 0.52 ± 0.5 | 0.07 |
| DLQI, score ± SD | 2.6 ± 3.9 | 2.6 ± 4 | 0.98 |
| EQ-5D, score ± SD | 7.5 ± 1.8 | 7.01 ± 1.8 | 0.01 |
↵* Radiographic abnormalities of peripheral joint erosions, osteolysis, sacroiliitis. P values in boldface are statistically significant. BSA: body surface area; PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; BRAF: Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Numeric Rating Scale; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index; TNFi: tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; PsO: psoriasis.