Table 2.

Correlation analysis for serum and synovial fluid (SF) interleukin-34 (IL-34) level and osteoclastogenesis-associated cytokines/chemokines.

Healthy ControlOARA
rprprp
Serum
  IL-17α0.1050.5410.0810.608−0.0500.667
  IL-1ß−0.2280.1810.2930.059−0.0320.783
  IL-6−0.0930.5880.547< 0.001***0.2700.017*
  IP-100.2310.176−0.1510.341−0.0300.795
  RANKL0.0730.6730.0790.6200.1060.354
  DKK-1−0.2110.224−0.2800.072−0.0910.433
Synovial fluid†
  IL-17α——−0.1640.528−0.1740.504
  IL-1ß——0.2330.369−0.1200.647
  IL-6——0.0370.8870.482*0.049
  IP-10——0.1120.670−0.0050.985
  RANKL——0.1150.6590.635**0.006
  DKK-1——0.3960.1160.1010.700

  • ↵† No controls were used in synovial fluid.

  • ↵* p < 0.05.

  • ↵** p < 0.01,

  • ↵*** p < 0.001.

  • r: Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient; OA: osteoarthritis; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; IP-10: interferon γ-induced protein 10; RANKL: receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; DKK-1: Dickkopf-1.