Factors independently associated with the presence of pulmonary disease with RA in multivariate analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for the presence of Sjögren’s syndrome, tobacco smoking, use of methotrexate, and the disease duration.
| Variable | p | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Anti-CCP2 levels (for a 1000 U/ml increase) | < 0.0001 | 1.49 (1.25–1.78) |
| Gender | ||
| Female | — | 1 (ref) |
| Male | 0.0013 | 3.29 (1.59–6.80) |
| Tobacco smoking | ||
| Never | — | 1 (ref) |
| Ever | 0.83 | 0.93 (0.43–1.96) |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | ||
| No | — | 1 (ref) |
| Yes | 0.71 | 1.16 (0.53–2.55) |
| Methotrexate intake | ||
| No | — | 1 (ref) |
| Yes | 0.09 | 0.55 (0.27–1.11) |
| Disease duration (for a 1-year duration) | 0.68 | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) |